#!/bin/sh

# Easy-RSA 3 -- A Shell-based CA Utility
#
# Copyright (C) 2018 by the Open-Source OpenVPN development community.
# A full list of contributors can be found on Github at:
#   https://github.com/OpenVPN/easy-rsa/graphs/contributors
#
# This code released under version 2 of the GNU GPL; see COPYING and the
# Licensing/ directory of this project for full licensing details.

# Help/usage output to stdout
usage() {
	# command help:
	print "
Easy-RSA 3 usage and overview

USAGE: easyrsa [options] COMMAND [command-options]

A list of commands is shown below. To get detailed usage and help for a
command, run:
  ./easyrsa help COMMAND

For a listing of options that can be supplied before the command, use:
  ./easyrsa help options

Here is the list of commands available with a short syntax reminder. Use the
'help' command above to get full usage details.

  init-pki [ cmd-opts ]
  build-ca [ cmd-opts ]
  gen-dh
  gen-req <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  sign-req <type> <filename_base>
  build-client-full <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  build-server-full <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  build-serverClient-full <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  revoke <filename_base> [cmd-opts]
  revoke-renewed <filename_base> [cmd-opts]
  renew <filename_base> [cmd-opts]
  renewable [ <filename_base> ]
  gen-crl
  update-db
  show-req <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  show-cert <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  show-ca [ cmd-opts ]
  show-crl
  show-expire
  show-revoke
  show-renew
  verify <filename_base>
  import-req <request_file_path> <short_basename>
  export-p1 <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  export-p7 <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  export-p8 <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  export-p12 <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  set-rsa-pass <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  set-ec-pass <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  upgrade <type>
"

	# collect/show dir status:
	err_source="Not defined: vars autodetect failed and no value provided"
	work_dir="${EASYRSA:-$err_source}"
	pki_dir="${EASYRSA_PKI:-$err_source}"
	print "\
DIRECTORY STATUS (commands would take effect on these locations)
  EASYRSA: $work_dir
      PKI: $pki_dir
"
} # => usage()

# Detailed command help
# When called with no args, calls usage(), otherwise shows help for a command
cmd_help() {
	text=""
	opts=""
	case "$1" in
		init-pki|clean-all) text="
  init-pki [ cmd-opts ]
      Removes & re-initializes the PKI dir for a clean PKI"
			opts="
        hard-reset - Recursively deletes the PKI directory if it exists.
        soft-reset - Keeps the vars file and the PKI directory itself intact." ;;
		build-ca) text="
  build-ca [ cmd-opts ]
      Creates a new CA"
			opts="
        nopass  - do not encrypt the CA key (default is encrypted)
        subca   - create an intermediate CA keypair and request (default is a root CA)
        intca   - alias to the above" ;;
		gen-dh) text="
  gen-dh
      Generates DH (Diffie-Hellman) parameters" ;;
		gen-req) text="
  gen-req <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
      Generate a standalone keypair and request (CSR)

      This request is suitable for sending to a remote CA for signing."
			opts="
        text    - Include certificate text in request
        nopass  - do not encrypt the private key (default is encrypted)" ;;
		sign|sign-req) text="
  sign-req <type> <filename_base>
      Sign a certificate request of the defined type. <type> must be a known
      type such as 'client', 'server', 'serverClient', or 'ca' (or a user-added type.)

      This request file must exist in the reqs/ dir and have a .req file
      extension. See import-req below for importing reqs from other sources." ;;
		build|build-client-full|build-server-full|build-serverClient-full) text="
  build-client-full <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  build-server-full <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  build-serverClient-full <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
      Generate a keypair and sign locally for a client and/or server

      This mode uses the <filename_base> as the X509 CN."
			opts="
        nopass  - do not encrypt the private key (default is encrypted)
        inline  - create an inline credentials file for this node" ;;
		revoke) text="
  revoke <filename_base> [reason]
      Revoke a certificate specified by the filename_base, with an optional
      revocation reason that is one of:
        unspecified
        keyCompromise
        CACompromise
        affiliationChanged
        superseded
        cessationOfOperation
        certificateHold";;
		revoke-renewed) text="
  revoke-renewed <filename_base> [reason]
      Revoke a renewed certificate specified by the filename_base, with an optional
      revocation reason that is one of:
        unspecified
        keyCompromise
        CACompromise
        affiliationChanged
        superseded
        cessationOfOperation
        certificateHold";;
		renew) text="
  renew <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
      Renew a certificate specified by the filename_base"
			opts="
        nopass  - do not encrypt the private key (default is encrypted)" ;;
		renewable) text="
  renewable [ <filename_base> ]
      Check which certificates can be renewed" ;;
		gen-crl) text="
  gen-crl
      Generate a CRL" ;;
		update-db) text="
  update-db
      Update the index.txt database

      This command will use the system time to update the status of issued
      certificates." ;;
		show-req|show-cert) text="
  show-req  <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  show-cert <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
      Shows details of the req or cert referenced by filename_base

      Human-readable output is shown, including any requested cert options when
      showing a request."
			opts="
        full    - show full req/cert info, including pubkey/sig data" ;;
		show-ca) text="
  show-ca [ cmd-opts ]
      Shows details of the CA cert

      Human-readable output is shown."
			opts="
        full    - show full cert info, including pubkey/sig data" ;;
		show-crl) text="
  show-crl
      Shows details of the current certificate revocation list (CRL)

      Human-readable output is shown." ;;
		show-expire) text="
  show-expire [ cmd-opts ]
      Shows details of expiring certificates

      Human-readable output is shown." ;;
		show-revoke) text="
  show-revoke [ cmd-opts ]
      Shows details of revoked certificates

      Human-readable output is shown." ;;
		show-renew) text="
  show-renew [ cmd-opts ]
      Shows details of renewed certificates, which have not been revoked

      Human-readable output is shown." ;;
		verify) text="
  verify <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
      Verify certificate against CA"
			opts="
        batch   - On failure to verify, return error (1) to calling program" ;;
		import-req) text="
  import-req <request_file_path> <short_basename>
      Import a certificate request from a file

      This will copy the specified file into the reqs/ dir in
      preparation for signing.
      The <short_basename> is the filename base to create.

      Example usage:
        import-req /some/where/bob_request.req bob" ;;
		export-p12) text="
  export-p12 <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
      Export a PKCS#12 file with the keypair specified by <filename_base>"
			opts="
        nopass  - use no password and leave the key unencrypted
        noca    - do not include the ca.crt file in the PKCS12 output
        nokey   - do not include the private key in the PKCS12 output
        usefn   - use <filename_base> as friendly name" ;;
		export-p7) text="
  export-p7 <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
      Export a PKCS#7 file with the pubkey specified by <filename_base>"
			opts="
        noca    - do not include the ca.crt file in the PKCS7 output" ;;
		export-p8) text="
  export-p8 <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
      Export a PKCS#8 file with the private key specified by <filename_base>"
			opts="
        nopass  - do not encrypt the private key (default is encrypted)" ;;
		export-p1) text="
  export-p1 <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
      Export a PKCS#1 (RSA format) file with the pubkey specified by <filename_base>"
			opts="
        nopass  - do not encrypt the private key (default is encrypted)" ;;
		set-rsa-pass|set-ec-pass) text="
  set-rsa-pass <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
  set-ec-pass <filename_base> [ cmd-opts ]
      Set a new passphrase on an RSA or EC key for the listed <filename_base>."
			opts="
        nopass  - use no password and leave the key unencrypted
        file    - (advanced) treat the file as a raw path, not a short-name" ;;
		upgrade) text="
  upgrade <type>
      Upgrade EasyRSA PKI and/or CA. <type> must be one of:
        pki - Upgrade EasyRSA v2.x PKI to EasyRSA v3.x PKI (includes CA below)
        ca  - Upgrade EasyRSA v3.0.5 CA or older to EasyRSA v3.0.6 CA or later." ;;
		altname|subjectaltname|san) text="
  --subject-alt-name=SAN_FORMAT_STRING
      This global option adds a subjectAltName to the request or issued
      certificate. It MUST be in a valid format accepted by openssl or
      req/cert generation will fail. Note that including multiple such names
      requires them to be comma-separated; further invocations of this
      option will REPLACE the value.

      Examples of the SAN_FORMAT_STRING shown below:
        DNS:alternate.example.net
        DNS:primary.example.net,DNS:alternate.example.net
        IP:203.0.113.29
        email:alternate@example.net" ;;
		options)
			opt_usage ;;
		"")
			usage ;;
		*) text="
  Unknown command: '$1' (try without commands for a list of commands)"
	esac

	# display the help text
	[ "$text" ] && print "$text"
	[ -n "$opts" ] && print "
      cmd-opts is an optional set of command options from this list:
$opts
"
} # => cmd_help()

# Options usage
opt_usage() {
	print "
Easy-RSA Global Option Flags

The following options may be provided before the command. Options specified
at runtime override env-vars and any 'vars' file in use. Unless noted,
non-empty values to options are mandatory.

General options:

--batch         : set automatic (no-prompts when possible) mode
--silent        : Disable all Warnings and Notices
--sbatch        : Combined --silent and --batch operating mode

--passin=ARG    : set -passin ARG for openssl
--passout=ARG   : set -passout ARG for openssl
--ssl-conf=FILE : define a specific OpenSSL config file for Easy-RSA to use

--vars=FILE     : define a specific 'vars' file to use for Easy-RSA config
                  Can be used with everything, except 'init-pki'
--pki-dir=DIR   : declare the PKI directory
                  Use this for 'init-pki', not '--vars' above.

--tmp-dir=DIR   : declare the temporary directory
--version       : prints EasyRSA version and build information, then exits

Certificate & Request options: (these impact cert/req field values)

--days=#        : sets the signing validity to the specified number of days
--renew-days=#  : Number of days grace period before allowing renewal
--fix-offset=#  : Generate certificate with fixed start and end dates.
                : Range 1 to 365
                : start date: 01 January 00:00:00 of the current year
                : end date:   off-set days 01:00:00 of the final year
				: Final year is configured via --days (Default: 825 days, 2 years)

--digest=ALG    : digest to use in the requests & certificates
--dn-mode=MODE  : DN mode to use (cn_only or org)
--keysize=#     : size in bits of keypair to generate
--req-cn=NAME   : default CN to use
--subca-len=#   : path length of signed intermediate CA certs; must be >= 0 if used
--subject-alt-name
--san           : Add a subjectAltName.
                : For more info and syntax, see: 'easyrsa help altname'
--use-algo=ALG  : crypto alg to use: choose rsa (default), ec or ed
--curve=NAME    : for elliptic curve, sets the named curve to use
--copy-ext      : Copy included request X509 extensions (namely subjAltName)

Organizational DN options: (only used with the 'org' DN mode)
  (values may be blank for org DN options)

--req-c=CC        : country code (2-letters)
--req-st=NAME     : State/Province
--req-city=NAME   : City/Locality
--req-org=NAME    : Organization
--req-email=NAME  : Email addresses
--req-ou=NAME     : Organizational Unit

Deprecated features:

--ns-cert=YES/NO      : yes or no to including deprecated NS extensions
--ns-comment=COMMENT  : NS comment to include (value may be blank)
"
} # => opt_usage()

# Wrapper around printf - clobber print since it's not POSIX anyway
# print() is used internally, so MUST NOT be silenced.
# shellcheck disable=SC1117
print() { printf "%s\n" "$*" || exit 1; }

# Exit fatally with a message to stderr
# present even with EASYRSA_BATCH as these are fatal problems
die() {
	# If renew failed then restore cert, key and req. Otherwise, issue a warning
	# If *restore* fails then at least the file-names are not serial-numbers
	[ "$restore_failed_renew" ] && renew_restore_move
	print "
Easy-RSA error:

$1" 1>&2

	print "
Host: $host_out${EASYRSA_DEBUG+
*** Disable EASYRSA_DEBUG mode ***}"

	exit "${2:-1}"
} # => die()

# non-fatal warning output
warn() {
	[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] && return
	print "* WARNING:

$1
" 1>&2
} # => warn()

# informational notices to stdout
notice() {
	[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] && return
	[ "$EASYRSA_BATCH" ] && return
	print "* Notice:
$1
"
} # => notice()

# yes/no case-insensitive match (operates on stdin pipe)
# Returns 0 when input contains yes, 1 for no, 2 for no match
# If both strings are present, returns 1; first matching line returns.
awk_yesno() {
	# shellcheck disable=SC2016 # vars don't expand in single quotes
	awkscript='
BEGIN {IGNORECASE=1; r=2}
{       if(match($0,"no")) {r=1; exit}
        if(match($0,"yes")) {r=0; exit}
} END {exit r}'
	awk "$awkscript"
} # => awk_yesno()

# intent confirmation helper func
# returns without prompting in EASYRSA_BATCH
confirm() {
	[ "$EASYRSA_BATCH" ] && return
	prompt="$1"
	value="$2"
	msg="$3"
	input=""
	print "
$msg

Type the word '$value' to continue, or any other input to abort."
	printf %s "  $prompt"
	# shellcheck disable=SC2162 # read without -r will mangle backslashes
	read input
	printf '\n'
	[ "$input" = "$value" ] && return
	notice "Aborting without confirmation."
	exit 9
} # => confirm()

# Create session directory atomically or fail
secure_session() {
	# Session is already defined
	[ "$EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR_session" ] && die "session overload"

	# temporary directory must exist
	if [ "$EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR" ] && [ -d "$EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR" ]; then
		: # ok
	else
		die "Non-existant temporary directory: $EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR"
	fi

	for i in 1 2 3; do
		# Always use openssl directly for rand
		rand="$(
			"$EASYRSA_OPENSSL" rand -hex 4
			)" || die "secure_session - rand '$rand'"

		mkdir "${EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR}/${rand}" || continue
		EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR_session="${EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR}/${rand}"
		return
	done
	return 1
} # => secure_session()

# Create tempfile atomically or fail
easyrsa_mktemp() {
	# session directory must exist
	if [ "$EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR_session" ] && [ -d "$EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR_session" ]; then
		: # ok
	else
		die "Non-existant temporary session: $EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR_session"
	fi

	for i in 1 2 3; do
		# Always use openssl directly for rand
		rand="$(
			"$EASYRSA_OPENSSL" rand -hex 4
			)" || die "easyrsa_mktemp - rand '$rand'"

		shotfile="${EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR_session}/shot.$rand"
		if [ -e "$shotfile" ]; then
			continue
		else
			printf "" > "$shotfile" || continue
		fi

		tempfile="${EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR_session}/temp.$rand"
		mv "$shotfile" "$tempfile" || continue
		printf '%s\n' "$tempfile" || die "easyrsa_mktemp - write temp"
		return
	done
	return 1
} # => easyrsa_mktemp()

# remove temp files and do terminal cleanups
cleanup() {
	if [ "${EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR_session%/*}" ] && [ -d "$EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR_session" ]
	then
		rm -rf "$EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR_session"
	fi

	if [ "${EASYRSA_EC_DIR%/*}" ] && [ -d "$EASYRSA_EC_DIR" ]
	then
		rm -rf "$EASYRSA_EC_DIR"
	fi

	# shellcheck disable=SC3040 # In POSIX sh, set option [name] is undefined
	case "$easyrsa_host_os" in
		nix) [ -t 1 ] && stty echo ;;
		win)
			if [ "$easyrsa_win_git_bash" ]; then
				[ -t 1 ] && stty echo
			else
				set -o echo
			fi
		;;
		*) warn "Host OS undefined."
	esac

	# Exit with error 1, if an error ocured...
	if [ "$easyrsa_error_exit" ]; then
		# Set by verify_cert() for full error-out
		exit 1
	elif [ "$1" = ok ]; then
		# if there is no error then 'cleanup ok' is called
		exit 0
	else
		# if 'cleanup' is called without 'ok' then an error occurred
		[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] || echo "" # just to get a clean line
		exit 1
	fi
} # => cleanup()

# Easy-RSA meta-wrapper for SSL
easyrsa_openssl() {
	openssl_command="$1"; shift

	# Do not allow 'rand' here because it interferes with EASYRSA_DEBUG
	case "$openssl_command" in
		rand) die "easyrsa_openssl: Illegal SSL command: rand" ;;
		makesafeconf) has_config=1 ;;
		ca|req|srp|ts) has_config=1 ;;
		*) unset -v has_config
	esac

	# OpenSSL 1x genpkey does not support -config - Not as documented:
	# https://www.openssl.org/docs/manmaster/man1/openssl-genpkey.html
	if [ "$osslv_major" = 3 ] && [ "$openssl_command" = genpkey ]; then
		has_config=1
	fi

	if [ "$has_config" ]; then
		# Make LibreSSL safe config file from OpenSSL config file

		# Do not use easyrsa_mktemp() for init-pki
		# LibreSSL cannot generate random without a PKI and safe-conf
		if [ "$no_pki_required" ]; then
			# for init-pki $EASYRSA_SAFE_CONF is always set in the PKI, use it.
			easyrsa_openssl_conf="${EASYRSA_SAFE_CONF}.init-tmp"
		else
			easyrsa_openssl_conf="$(easyrsa_mktemp)" || \
				die "easyrsa_openssl - Failed to create temporary file"
		fi

		# OpenSSL does not require a safe config, so skip to the copy
		# require_safe_ssl_conf is set by verify_ssl_lib()
		if [ "$require_safe_ssl_conf" ]; then
			# Make a safe SSL config file
			sed \
				-e "s\`ENV::EASYRSA\`EASYRSA\`g" \
				-e "s\`\$dir\`$EASYRSA_PKI\`g" \
				-e "s\`\$EASYRSA_PKI\`$EASYRSA_PKI\`g" \
				-e "s\`\$EASYRSA_CERT_EXPIRE\`$EASYRSA_CERT_EXPIRE\`g" \
				-e "s\`\$EASYRSA_CRL_DAYS\`$EASYRSA_CRL_DAYS\`g" \
				-e "s\`\$EASYRSA_DIGEST\`$EASYRSA_DIGEST\`g" \
				-e "s\`\$EASYRSA_KEY_SIZE\`$EASYRSA_KEY_SIZE\`g" \
				-e "s\`\$EASYRSA_DN\`$EASYRSA_DN\`g" \
				-e "s\`\$EASYRSA_REQ_COUNTRY\`$EASYRSA_REQ_COUNTRY\`g" \
				-e "s\`\$EASYRSA_REQ_PROVINCE\`$EASYRSA_REQ_PROVINCE\`g" \
				-e "s\`\$EASYRSA_REQ_CITY\`$EASYRSA_REQ_CITY\`g" \
				-e "s\`\$EASYRSA_REQ_ORG\`$EASYRSA_REQ_ORG\`g" \
				-e "s\`\$EASYRSA_REQ_OU\`$EASYRSA_REQ_OU\`g" \
				-e "s\`\$EASYRSA_REQ_CN\`$EASYRSA_REQ_CN\`g" \
				-e "s\`\$EASYRSA_REQ_EMAIL\`$EASYRSA_REQ_EMAIL\`g" \
				"$EASYRSA_SSL_CONF" > "$easyrsa_openssl_conf" || \
					die "easyrsa_openssl - Failed to make temporary config"
		else
			# Do NOT Make a safe SSL config file
			cp -f "$EASYRSA_SSL_CONF" "$easyrsa_openssl_conf" || \
				die "easyrsa_openssl - Failed to copy temporary config"
		fi

		if [ "$openssl_command" = "makesafeconf" ]; then
			# move temp file to safessl-easyrsa.cnf
			mv -f "$easyrsa_openssl_conf" "$EASYRSA_SAFE_CONF" || \
				die "easyrsa_openssl - makesafeconf failed"
		else
			# debug log on
			if [ "$EASYRSA_DEBUG" ]; then set -x; fi

			# Exec SSL with -config temp-file
			"$EASYRSA_OPENSSL" "$openssl_command" \
				-config "$easyrsa_openssl_conf" "$@" || return

			# debug log off
			if [ "$EASYRSA_DEBUG" ]; then set +x; fi
		fi
	else
		# debug log on
		if [ "$EASYRSA_DEBUG" ]; then set -x; fi

		# Exec SSL without -config temp-file
		"$EASYRSA_OPENSSL" "$openssl_command" "$@" || return

		# debug log off
		if [ "$EASYRSA_DEBUG" ]; then set +x; fi
	fi
} # => easyrsa_openssl()

# Verify the SSL library is functional and establish version dependencies
verify_ssl_lib() {
	if [ -z "$EASYRSA_SSL_OK" ]; then
		val="$("$EASYRSA_OPENSSL" version)"
		case "${val%% *}" in
			# OpenSSL does not require a safe config-file
			OpenSSL) unset -v require_safe_ssl_conf ;;
			LibreSSL) require_safe_ssl_conf=1 ;;
			*) die "\
Missing or invalid OpenSSL
Expected to find openssl command at: $EASYRSA_OPENSSL"
		esac

		# Set SSL version dependent $no_password option
		osslv_major="${val#* }"
		osslv_major="${osslv_major%%.*}"
		case "$osslv_major" in
			1) no_password='-nodes' ;;
			2) no_password='-nodes' ;; # LibreSSL Only
			3) no_password='-noenc' ;;
			*) die "Unsupported SSL library: $osslv_major"
		esac
		notice "Using SSL: $EASYRSA_OPENSSL $val"
		EASYRSA_SSL_OK=1
	fi

	# Verify EASYRSA_SSL_CONF file exists
	[ -f "$EASYRSA_SSL_CONF" ] || die "\
The OpenSSL config file cannot be found.
Expected location: $EASYRSA_SSL_CONF"
} # => verify_ssl_lib()

# Basic sanity-check of PKI init and complain if missing
verify_pki_init() {
	help_note="Run easyrsa without commands for usage and command help."

	# Check for defined EASYRSA_PKI
	[ -n "$EASYRSA_PKI" ] || die "\
EASYRSA_PKI env-var undefined"

	# check that the pki dir exists
	[ -d "$EASYRSA_PKI" ] || die "\
EASYRSA_PKI does not exist (perhaps you need to run init-pki)?
Expected to find the EASYRSA_PKI at: $EASYRSA_PKI
$help_note"

	# verify expected dirs present:
	for i in private reqs; do
		[ -d "$EASYRSA_PKI/$i" ] || die "\
Missing expected directory: $i (perhaps you need to run init-pki?)
$help_note"
	done

	# verify ssl lib
	verify_ssl_lib
	unset -v help_note
} # => verify_pki_init()

# Verify core CA files present
verify_ca_init() {
	# First check the PKI has been initialized
	verify_pki_init

	help_note="Run without commands for usage and command help."

	# Verify expected files are present. Allow files to be regular files
	# (or symlinks), but also pipes, for flexibility with ca.key
	for i in serial index.txt index.txt.attr ca.crt private/ca.key; do
		if [ ! -f "$EASYRSA_PKI/$i" ] && [ ! -p "$EASYRSA_PKI/$i" ]; then
			[ "$1" = "test" ] && return 1
			die "\
Missing expected CA file: $i (perhaps you need to run build-ca?)
$help_note"
		fi
	done

	# When operating in 'test' mode, return success.
	# test callers don't care about CA-specific dir structure
	[ "$1" = "test" ] && return 0

	# verify expected CA-specific dirs:
	for i in issued certs_by_serial
	do
		[ -d "$EASYRSA_PKI/$i" ] || die "\
Missing expected CA dir: $i (perhaps you need to run build-ca?)
$help_note"
	done

	# explicitly return success for callers
	unset -v help_note
	return 0
} # => verify_ca_init()

# init-pki backend:
init_pki() {
	# Process command options
	reset="hard"
	while [ -n "$1" ]; do
		case "$1" in
			hard-reset|hard) reset="hard" ;;
			soft-reset|soft) reset="soft" ;;
			*) warn "Ignoring unknown command option: '$1'"
		esac
		shift
	done

	# If EASYRSA_PKI exists, confirm before we rm -rf (skipped with EASYRSA_BATCH)
	if [ -e "$EASYRSA_PKI" ]; then
		confirm "Confirm removal: " "yes" "\
WARNING!!!

You are about to remove the EASYRSA_PKI at:
* $EASYRSA_PKI

and initialize a fresh PKI here."
		# now remove it:
		case "$reset" in
		hard)
			rm -rf "$EASYRSA_PKI" || \
				die "Removal of PKI dir failed. Check/correct errors above"
		;;
		soft)
			for i in ca.crt certs_by_serial ecparams index.txt index.txt.attr \
						index.txt.old issued private reqs serial serial.old; do
				rm -rf "${EASYRSA_PKI:?}/$i" || \
					die "Removal of PKI dir failed. Check/correct errors above"
			done
		;;
		# More modes could be added here, e.g. only remove
		# issued certs (and clean database), but keep CA intact.
		*)
			die "Removal of PKI dir failed. Unknown reset type: $reset"
		esac
	fi

	# new dirs:
	for i in private reqs; do
		mkdir -p "$EASYRSA_PKI/$i" || \
			die "Failed to create PKI file structure (permissions?)"
	done

	# Install data-files into ALL new PKIs
	install_data_to_pki init-pki || \
		warn "Failed to install required data-files to PKI. (init)"

	# Verify that $EASYRSA_SAFE_CONF exists ($OPENSSL_CONF)
	# Prevents bogus warnings (especially useful on win32)
	if [ -n "$EASYRSA_SAFE_CONF" ] && [ -e "$EASYRSA_SAFE_CONF" ]; then
		: # ok
	else
		die "init-pki failed to create safe SSL conf: $EASYRSA_SAFE_CONF"
	fi

	notice "\

  init-pki complete; you may now create a CA or requests.

  Your newly created PKI dir is:
  * $EASYRSA_PKI"

	if [ "$user_vars_true" ]; then
		: # ok - No message required
	else
		notice "\
  IMPORTANT: Easy-RSA 'vars' file has now been moved to your PKI above."
	fi
} # => init_pki()

# Copy data-files from various sources
install_data_to_pki () {
#
# This function will explicitly find and optionally copy data-files to the PKI.
# During 'init-pki' this is the new default.
# During all other functions these requirements are tested for and
# files will be copied to the PKI, if they do not already exist there.
#
# One of the reasons for this change is to make packaging EasyRSA work.
#
# First: search favoured and then common 'areas' for the EasyRSA data-files(A):
# * 'openssl-easyrsa.cnf' and 'x509-types' (folder).
#
# These files MUST be found in at least one location.
# * 'openssl-easyrsa.cnf' will be copied to the PKI.
#   A warning will be issued if this file cannot be found.
#
# * 'x509-types' will set EASYRSA_EXT_DIR to the found location.
#   If x509-types cannot be found then that is a FATAL error.
#
# Other EasyRSA data-files(B): it is not crucial that these are found
# but if they are then they are copied to the PKI. (Note: 1)
# * 'vars' and 'vars.example'
#
# Note 1: For 'vars' consideration must be given to:
#   "Where the user expects to find vars!"
#
# Currently, *if* 'vars' is copied to the PKI then the PKI 'vars' will take
# priority over './vars'. But it will not be updated if './vars' is changed.
#
# Copying 'vars' to the PKI is complicated, code is included but DISABLED.

	context="$1"
	shift

	# Set required sources
	vars_file='vars'
	vars_file_example='vars.example'
	ssl_cnf_file='openssl-easyrsa.cnf'
	x509_types_dir='x509-types'

	# PWD - Covers EasyRSA-Windows installed by OpenVPN, and git forks
	# "prog_dir" - Old way (Who installs data files in /usr/bin ?)
	# /etc/easy-rsa - possible default
	# /usr/share/easy-rsa - usr
	# /usr/local/share/easy-rsa - usr/local

	# Find and copy data-files, in specific order
	for area in \
		"$PWD" \
		"${0%/*}" \
		'/etc/easy-rsa' \
		'/usr/share/easy-rsa' \
		'/usr/local/share/easy-rsa' \
		# EOL - # Add more distros here
	do
		# Omitting "$vars_file"
		for source in \
			"$vars_file_example" \
			"$ssl_cnf_file" \
			# EOL - Do x509-types separately
		do
			# Find each item
			[ -e "${area}/${source}" ] || continue

			# If the item does not exist in the PKI then copy it.
			if [ -e "${EASYRSA_PKI}/${source}" ]; then
				continue
			else
				cp "${area}/${source}" "$EASYRSA_PKI" || return
			fi
		done

		# Find x509-types
		[ -e "${area}/${x509_types_dir}" ] || continue

		# Declare in preferred order, first wins, beaten by command line.
		# Only set if not in PKI; Same condition made in vars_setup()
		if [ ! -d "$EASYRSA_PKI/x509-types" ]; then
			set_var EASYRSA_EXT_DIR "${area}/${x509_types_dir}"
		fi
	done

	# if PKI/x509-types exists then it wins, except command line
	# Same condition made in vars_setup()
	if [ -d "$EASYRSA_PKI/x509-types" ]; then
		set_var EASYRSA_EXT_DIR "$EASYRSA_PKI/x509-types"
	fi

	# Create PKI/vars from PKI/example
	case "$context" in
	init-pki)
		if [ -e "${EASYRSA_PKI}/${vars_file_example}" ]; then
			[ -e "${EASYRSA_PKI}/${vars_file}" ] || \
				cp "${EASYRSA_PKI}/${vars_file_example}" \
					"${EASYRSA_PKI}/${vars_file}" || :
		fi
	;;
	vars-setup)
		if [ "$found_vars" ]; then
			: # ok - Do not make a PKI/vars if another vars exists
		else
			if [ -e "${EASYRSA_PKI}/${vars_file_example}" ]; then
				[ -e "${EASYRSA_PKI}/${vars_file}" ] || \
					cp "${EASYRSA_PKI}/${vars_file_example}" \
						"${EASYRSA_PKI}/${vars_file}" || :
			fi
		fi
	;;
	'')
		die "install_data_to_pki - unspecified context" ;;
	*)
		die "install_data_to_pki - unknown context: $context"
	esac

	# Check PKI is updated - Omit unnecessary checks
	#[ -e "${EASYRSA_PKI}/${vars_file}" ] || return
	#[ -e "${EASYRSA_PKI}/${vars_file_example}" ] || return
	[ -e "${EASYRSA_PKI}/${ssl_cnf_file}" ] || return
	#[ -e "${EASYRSA_PKI}/${x509_types_dir}" ] || return

	# EASYRSA_EXT_DIR must be found! No exceptions!
	# The shellcheck warning 2015 is valid, however, this code works correctly.
	# Note that A && B || C is not if-then-else. C may run when A is true
	# shellcheck disable=SC2015
	[ -n "$EASYRSA_EXT_DIR" ] && [ -e "$EASYRSA_EXT_DIR" ] || \
		die "x509-types folder cannot be found: $EASYRSA_EXT_DIR"

	# Complete or error
	[ -e "$EASYRSA_SAFE_CONF" ] || easyrsa_openssl makesafeconf
} # => install_data_to_pki ()

# Disable terminal echo, if possible, otherwise warn
hide_read_pass()
{
	# 3040 - In POSIX sh, set option [name] is undefined
	# 3045 - In POSIX sh, some-command-with-flag is undefined
	# shellcheck disable=SC3040,SC3045
	if stty -echo 2>/dev/null; then
		read -r "$@"
		stty echo
	elif (set +o echo 2>/dev/null); then
		set +o echo
		read -r "$@"
		set -o echo
	elif (echo | read -r -s 2>/dev/null) ; then
		read -r -s "$@"
	else
		warn "Could not disable echo. Password will be shown on screen!"
		read -r "$@"
	fi
} # => hide_read_pass()

# build-ca backend:
build_ca() {
	cipher="-aes256"
	unset -v nopass sub_ca ssl_batch date_stamp x509
	while [ -n "$1" ]; do
		case "$1" in
			intca) sub_ca=1 ;;
			subca) sub_ca=1 ;;
			nopass) nopass=1 ;;
			*) warn "Ignoring unknown command option: '$1'"
		esac
		shift
	done

	verify_pki_init

	out_key="$EASYRSA_PKI/private/ca.key"
	# setup for an intermediate CA
	if [ "$sub_ca" ]; then
		# Gerate a CSR
		out_file="$EASYRSA_PKI/reqs/ca.req"
	else
		# Gerate a certificate
		out_file="$EASYRSA_PKI/ca.crt"
		date_stamp=1
		x509=1
	fi

	# If encrypted then create the CA key using AES256 cipher
	if [ "$nopass" ]; then
		unset -v cipher
	else
		unset -v no_password
	fi

	# Test for existing CA, and complain if already present
	if verify_ca_init test; then
		die "\
Unable to create a CA as you already seem to have one set up.
If you intended to start a new CA, run init-pki first."
	fi

	# If a private key exists here, a intermediate ca was created but not signed.
	# Notify the user and require a signed ca.crt or a init-pki:
	[ -f "$out_key" ] && \
		die "\
A CA private key exists but no ca.crt is found in your PKI dir of:
$EASYRSA_PKI
Refusing to create a new CA keypair as this operation would overwrite your
current CA keypair. If you intended to start a new CA, run init-pki first."

	# create necessary files and dirs:
	err_file="Unable to create necessary PKI files (permissions?)"
	for i in issued certs_by_serial \
		 revoked/certs_by_serial revoked/private_by_serial revoked/reqs_by_serial;
	do
		mkdir -p "$EASYRSA_PKI/$i" || die "$err_file"
	done
	printf "" > "$EASYRSA_PKI/index.txt" || die "$err_file"
	printf "" > "$EASYRSA_PKI/index.txt.attr" || die "$err_file"
	printf '%s\n' "01" > "$EASYRSA_PKI/serial" || die "$err_file"

	# Default CN only when not in global EASYRSA_BATCH mode:
	[ "$EASYRSA_BATCH" ] && ssl_batch=1
	[ "$EASYRSA_REQ_CN" = ChangeMe ] && export EASYRSA_REQ_CN="Easy-RSA CA"

	out_key_tmp="$(easyrsa_mktemp)" || die "Failed to create temp-key file"
	out_file_tmp="$(easyrsa_mktemp)" || die "Failed to create temp-cert file"

	# Get password from user if necessary
	if [ -z "$nopass" ] && {
		[ -z "$EASYRSA_PASSOUT" ] || [ -z "$EASYRSA_PASSIN" ]
		}
	then
		out_key_pass_tmp="$(easyrsa_mktemp)" || die "Failed to create temporary file"
		echo
		printf "Enter New CA Key Passphrase: "
		hide_read_pass kpass
		echo
		printf "Re-Enter New CA Key Passphrase: "
		hide_read_pass kpass2
		echo
		# shellcheck disable=2154 # var is referenced but not assigned
		if [ "$kpass" = "$kpass2" ]; then
			printf "%s" "$kpass" > "$out_key_pass_tmp"
		else
			die "Passphrases do not match."
		fi
	fi

	# Insert x509-types COMMON and 'ca' and EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS, if defined.
	# shellcheck disable=SC2016 # vars don't expand in single quote
	awkscript='
{if ( match($0, "^#%CA_X509_TYPES_EXTRA_EXTS%") )
	{ while ( getline<"/dev/stdin" ) {print} next }
 {print}
}'

	conf_tmp="$(easyrsa_mktemp)" || die "Failed to create temporary file"
	{
		cat "$EASYRSA_EXT_DIR/ca" "$EASYRSA_EXT_DIR/COMMON"
		[ "$EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS" ] && print "$EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS"
	} | \
		awk "$awkscript" "$EASYRSA_SSL_CONF" \
		> "$conf_tmp" \
			|| die "Copying X509_TYPES to config file failed"
	# Use this new SSL config for the rest of this function
	EASYRSA_SSL_CONF="$conf_tmp"

	# Choose SSL Library version (1, 2(LibreSSL) or 3) and build CA
	case "$osslv_major" in

	# Version agnostic CA generation
	# The only remaining option which is version dependent is -nodes/-noenc
	1|2|3)
		# Generate CA Key
		case "$EASYRSA_ALGO" in
		rsa)
			easyrsa_openssl genpkey -algorithm "$EASYRSA_ALGO" \
				-pkeyopt rsa_keygen_bits:"$EASYRSA_ALGO_PARAMS" \
				-out "$out_key_tmp" \
				${cipher+ "$cipher"} \
				${EASYRSA_PASSOUT:+ -pass "$EASYRSA_PASSOUT"} \
				${out_key_pass_tmp:+ -pass file:"$out_key_pass_tmp"} \
					|| die "Failed create CA private key"
		;;
		ec)
			easyrsa_openssl genpkey -paramfile "$EASYRSA_ALGO_PARAMS" \
				-out "$out_key_tmp" \
				${cipher+ "$cipher"} \
				${EASYRSA_PASSOUT:+ -pass "$EASYRSA_PASSOUT"} \
				${out_key_pass_tmp:+ -pass file:"$out_key_pass_tmp"} \
					|| die "Failed create CA private key"
		;;
		ed)
			easyrsa_openssl genpkey -algorithm "$EASYRSA_CURVE" \
				-out "$out_key_tmp" \
				${cipher+ "$cipher"} \
				${EASYRSA_PASSOUT:+ -pass "$EASYRSA_PASSOUT"} \
				${out_key_pass_tmp:+ -pass file:"$out_key_pass_tmp"} \
					|| die "Failed create CA private key"
		;;
		*)	die "Unknown algorithm: $EASYRSA_ALGO"
		esac

		# Generate the CA keypair:
		# shellcheck disable=SC2086 # Double quote to prevent ..
		easyrsa_openssl req -utf8 -new \
			-key "$out_key_tmp" -keyout "$out_key_tmp" \
			-out "$out_file_tmp" \
			${ssl_batch+ -batch} \
			${x509+ -x509} \
			${date_stamp+ -days "$EASYRSA_CA_EXPIRE"} \
			${EASYRSA_DIGEST+ -"$EASYRSA_DIGEST"} \
			${no_password+ "$no_password"} \
			${EASYRSA_PASSIN:+ -passin "$EASYRSA_PASSIN"} \
			${EASYRSA_PASSOUT:+ -passout "$EASYRSA_PASSOUT"} \
			${out_key_pass_tmp:+ -passin file:"$out_key_pass_tmp"} \
				|| die "Failed to build the CA"
	;;
	*)	die "build-ca ssl lib: $osslv_major"
	esac

	mv "$out_key_tmp" "$out_key"
	mv "$out_file_tmp" "$out_file"
	[ -f "$out_key_pass_tmp" ] && rm "$out_key_pass_tmp"

	# Success messages
	[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] || print # Separate Notice below
	if [ -n "$sub_ca" ]; then
		notice "\

NOTE: Your intermediate CA request is at $out_file
and now must be sent to your parent CA for signing. Place your resulting cert
at $EASYRSA_PKI/ca.crt prior to signing operations."
	else
		notice "\

CA creation complete and you may now import and sign cert requests.
Your new CA certificate file for publishing is at:
$out_file"
	fi
} # => build_ca()

# gen-dh backend:
gen_dh() {
	verify_pki_init

	out_file="$EASYRSA_PKI/dh.pem"

	# check to see if we already have a dh parameters file
	if [ -e "$EASYRSA_PKI/dh.pem" ]; then
		if [ "$EASYRSA_BATCH" ]; then
			# if batch is enabled, die
			die "file $EASYRSA_PKI/dh.pem already exists!"
		else
			# warn the user, give them a chance to force overwrite
			confirm "Overwrite?  " "yes" "*** File $EASYRSA_PKI/dh.pem already exists! ***"
		fi
	fi

	"$EASYRSA_OPENSSL" dhparam -out "$out_file" "$EASYRSA_KEY_SIZE" || \
		die "Failed to build DH params"

	[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] || print # Separate Notice below
	notice "\

DH parameters of size $EASYRSA_KEY_SIZE created at $out_file"
	return 0
} # => gen_dh()

# gen-req backend:
gen_req() {
	# pull filename base and use as default interactive CommonName:
	[ -n "$1" ] || die "\
Error: gen-req must have a file base as the first argument.
Run easyrsa without commands for usage and commands."
	key_out="$EASYRSA_PKI/private/$1.key"
	req_out="$EASYRSA_PKI/reqs/$1.req"

	# Set the request commonName
	EASYRSA_REQ_CN="$1"
	shift

	# Require SSL Lib version for 'nopass' -> $no_password
	verify_pki_init

	# function opts support
	unset -v text nopass ssl_batch
	while [ -n "$1" ]; do
		case "$1" in
			text) text=1 ;;
			nopass) nopass=1 ;;
			# batch flag supports internal callers needing silent operation
			batch) ssl_batch=1 ;;
			*) warn "Ignoring unknown command option: '$1'"
		esac
		shift
	done

	# don't wipe out an existing private key without confirmation
	[ -f "$key_out" ] && confirm "Confirm key overwrite: " "yes" "\

WARNING!!!

An existing private key was found at $key_out
Continuing with key generation will replace this key."

	# When EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS is defined, append it to openssl's [req] section:
	if [ -n "$EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS" ]; then
		# Setup & insert the extra ext data keyed by a magic line
		extra_exts="
req_extensions = req_extra
[ req_extra ]
$EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS"
		# shellcheck disable=SC2016 # vars don't expand in single quote
		awkscript='
{if ( match($0, "^#%EXTRA_EXTS%") )
	{ while ( getline<"/dev/stdin" ) {print} next }
 {print}
}'
		conf_tmp="$(easyrsa_mktemp)" || die "Failed to create temporary file"
		print "$extra_exts" | \
			awk "$awkscript" "$EASYRSA_SSL_CONF" \
			> "$conf_tmp" \
			|| die "Copying SSL config to temp file failed"
		# Use this new SSL config for the rest of this function
		EASYRSA_SSL_CONF="$conf_tmp"
	fi

	# Name temp files
	key_out_tmp="$(easyrsa_mktemp)" || die "Failed to create temporary file"
	req_out_tmp="$(easyrsa_mktemp)" || die "Failed to create temporary file"

	# Set SSL non-interactive mode, otherwise allow full user interaction
	if [ "$EASYRSA_BATCH" ] || [ "$ssl_batch" ]; then
		ssl_batch=1
	fi

	# Set Edwards curve name or elliptic curve parameters file
	algo_opts=""
	if [ "ed" = "$EASYRSA_ALGO" ]; then
		algo_opts="$EASYRSA_CURVE"
	else
		algo_opts="$EASYRSA_ALGO:$EASYRSA_ALGO_PARAMS"
	fi

	# Generate request
	easyrsa_openssl req -utf8 -new -newkey "$algo_opts" \
		-keyout "$key_out_tmp" -out "$req_out_tmp" \
		${nopass+ "$no_password"} \
		${text+ -text} \
		${ssl_batch+ -batch} \
		${EASYRSA_PASSOUT:+ -passout "$EASYRSA_PASSOUT"} \
			|| die "Failed to generate request"
	mv "$key_out_tmp" "$key_out"
	mv "$req_out_tmp" "$req_out"

	notice "\

Keypair and certificate request completed. Your files are:
req: $req_out
key: $key_out"

	return 0
} # => gen_req()

# common signing backend
sign_req() {
	crt_type="$1"
	req_in="$EASYRSA_PKI/reqs/$2.req"
	crt_out="$EASYRSA_PKI/issued/$2.crt"

	# Get fixed dates by --fix-offset
	cert_dates

	# Randomize Serial number
	if [ "$EASYRSA_RAND_SN" != "no" ];
	then
		i=""
		serial=""
		check_serial=""
		for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do
			# Always use openssl directly for rand
			"$EASYRSA_OPENSSL" rand -hex -out "$EASYRSA_PKI/serial" 16 \
				|| die "sign_req - rand"

			serial="$(cat "$EASYRSA_PKI/serial")"

			# Calls LibreSSL directly with a broken config and still works
			check_serial="$(
				"$EASYRSA_OPENSSL" ca -config "$EASYRSA_SSL_CONF" \
					-status "$serial" 2>&1
				)"

			case "$check_serial" in
				*"not present in db"*) break ;;
				*) continue
			esac
		done
	fi

	# Support batch by internal caller:
	[ "$3" = "batch" ] && EASYRSA_BATCH=1

	verify_ca_init

	# Check argument sanity:
	[ -n "$2" ] || die "\
Incorrect number of arguments provided to sign-req:
expected 2, got $# (see command help for usage)"

	# Cert type must exist under the EASYRSA_EXT_DIR
	[ -r "$EASYRSA_EXT_DIR/$crt_type" ] || die "\
Unknown cert type '$crt_type'"

	# Request file must exist
	[ -f "$req_in" ] || die "\
No request found for the input: '$2'
Expected to find the request at: $req_in"

	# Confirm input is a cert req
	verify_file req "$req_in" || die "\
The certificate request file is not in a valid X509 request format.
File Path: $req_in"

	# Display the request subject in an easy-to-read format
	# Confirm the user wishes to sign this request
	confirm "Confirm request details: " "yes" "\
You are about to sign the following certificate.
Please check over the details shown below for accuracy. Note that this request
has not been cryptographically verified. Please be sure it came from a trusted
source or that you have verified the request checksum with the sender.

Request subject, to be signed as a $crt_type certificate for $EASYRSA_CERT_EXPIRE days:

$(display_dn req "$req_in")
"	# => confirm end

	# When EASYRSA_CP_EXT is defined, adjust openssl's [default_ca] section:
	if [ -n "$EASYRSA_CP_EXT" ]; then
		# Setup & insert the copy_extensions data keyed by a magic line
		copy_exts="copy_extensions = copy"
		# shellcheck disable=SC2016 # vars don't expand in single quote
		awkscript='
{if ( match($0, "^#%COPY_EXTS%") )
	{ while ( getline<"/dev/stdin" ) {print} next }
 {print}
}'
		conf_tmp="$(easyrsa_mktemp)" || die "Failed to create temporary file"
		print "$copy_exts" | \
			awk "$awkscript" "$EASYRSA_SSL_CONF" \
			> "$conf_tmp" \
			|| die "Copying SSL config to temp file failed"
		# Use this new SSL config for the rest of this function
		EASYRSA_SSL_CONF="$conf_tmp"
	fi

	# Generate the extensions file for this cert:
	ext_tmp="$(easyrsa_mktemp)" || die "Failed to create temporary file"
	{
		# Append first any COMMON file (if present) then the cert-type extensions
		cat "$EASYRSA_EXT_DIR/COMMON"
		cat "$EASYRSA_EXT_DIR/$crt_type"

		# Support a dynamic CA path length when present:
		[ "$crt_type" = "ca" ] && [ -n "$EASYRSA_SUBCA_LEN" ] && \
			print "basicConstraints = CA:TRUE, pathlen:$EASYRSA_SUBCA_LEN"

		# Deprecated Netscape extension support, if enabled
		if print "$EASYRSA_NS_SUPPORT" | awk_yesno; then
			[ -n "$EASYRSA_NS_COMMENT" ] && \
				print "nsComment = \"$EASYRSA_NS_COMMENT\""
			case "$crt_type" in
				serverClient) print "nsCertType = serverClient" ;;
				server) print "nsCertType = server" ;;
				client) print "nsCertType = client" ;;
				ca) print "nsCertType = sslCA" ;;
				*) die "Unknown certificate type: $crt_type"
			esac
		fi

		# Add user SAN from --subject-alt-name
		if [ "$user_san_true" ]; then
			print "$EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS"
		else
			# or default server SAN
			# If type is server and no subjectAltName was requested,
			# add one to the extensions file
			if [ "$crt_type" = 'server' ] || [ "$crt_type" = 'serverClient' ];
			then
				# req san or default server SAN
				san="$(display_san req "$req_in")"
				if [ "$san" ]; then
					print "subjectAltName = $san"
				else
					default_server_san "$req_in"
				fi
			fi
			# or externally set EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS
			# Add any advanced extensions supplied by env-var:
			[ -z "$EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS" ] || print "$EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS"
		fi
	} > "$ext_tmp" || die "\
Failed to create temp extension file (bad permissions?) at:
$ext_tmp"

	# sign request
	crt_out_tmp="$(easyrsa_mktemp)" || die "Failed to create temporary file"
	easyrsa_openssl ca -utf8 -in "$req_in" -out "$crt_out_tmp" \
		-extfile "$ext_tmp" -days "$EASYRSA_CERT_EXPIRE" -batch \
		${EASYRSA_PASSIN:+-passin "$EASYRSA_PASSIN"} \
		${EASYRSA_FIX_OFFSET:+ -startdate "$start_fixdate"} \
		${EASYRSA_FIX_OFFSET:+ -enddate "$end_fixdate"} \
			|| die "signing failed (openssl output above may have more detail)"

	mv "$crt_out_tmp" "$crt_out"
	rm -f "$ext_tmp"

	[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] || print # Separate Notice below
	unset -v EASYRSA_BATCH # This is why batch mode should not silence output
	notice "\
Certificate created at: $crt_out"

	return 0
} # => sign_req()

# common build backend
# used to generate+sign in 1 step
build_full() {
	verify_ca_init

	# pull filename base:
	[ -n "$2" ] || die "\
Error: didn't find a file base name as the first argument.
Run easyrsa without commands for usage and commands."
	crt_type="$1" name="$2"
	req_out="$EASYRSA_PKI/reqs/$2.req"
	key_out="$EASYRSA_PKI/private/$2.key"
	crt_out="$EASYRSA_PKI/issued/$2.crt"
	shift 2

	# function opts support
	while [ -n "$1" ]; do
		case "$1" in
			nopass) nopass=1 ;;
			inline) EASYRSA_INLINE=1 ;;
			*) warn "Ignoring unknown command option: '$1'"
		esac
		shift
	done

	# abort on existing req/key/crt files
	err_exists="\
file already exists. Aborting build to avoid overwriting this file.
If you wish to continue, please use a different name or remove the file.
Matching file found at: "
	[ -f "$req_out" ] && die "Request $err_exists $req_out"
	[ -f "$key_out" ] && die "Key $err_exists $key_out"
	[ -f "$crt_out" ] && die "Certificate $err_exists $crt_out"

	# create request
	EASYRSA_REQ_CN="$name"
	gen_req "$name" batch ${nopass+ nopass}

	# Sign it
	( sign_req "$crt_type" "$name" batch ) || {
		rm -f "$req_out" "$key_out"
		die "Failed to sign '$name' - See error messages above for details."
	}

	# inline it
	if [ "$EASYRSA_INLINE" ]; then
		inline_file="$EASYRSA_PKI/$EASYRSA_REQ_CN.creds"
		if [ -f "$inline_file" ]; then
			warn "Inline file exists not over-writing: $inline_file"
		else
		inline_creds || die "Failed to write inline file: $inline_file"
		notice "\
Inline file created: $inline_file"
		fi
	fi
} # => build_full()

# Create inline credentials file for this node
inline_creds ()
{
	{
		printf "%s\n" "# $crt_type: $EASYRSA_REQ_CN"
		printf "%s\n" ""
		printf "%s\n" "<ca>"
		cat "$EASYRSA_PKI/ca.crt"
		printf "%s\n" "</ca>"
		printf "%s\n" ""
		printf "%s\n" "<cert>"
		cat "$crt_out"
		printf "%s\n" "</cert>"
		printf "%s\n" ""
		printf "%s\n" "<key>"
		cat "$key_out"
		printf "%s\n" "</key>"
		printf "%s\n" ""
	} > "$inline_file"
} # => inline_creds ()

# revoke backend
revoke() {
	# pull filename base:
	[ "$1" ] || die "\
Error: didn't find a file base name as the first argument.
Run easyrsa without commands for usage and command help."

	verify_ca_init

	# Assign file_name_base and dust off!
	file_name_base="$1"
	shift

	in_dir="$EASYRSA_PKI"
	crt_in="$in_dir/issued/$file_name_base.crt"
	key_in="$in_dir/private/$file_name_base.key"
	req_in="$in_dir/reqs/$file_name_base.req"
	creds_in="$in_dir/$file_name_base.creds"

	# Assign possible "crl_reason"
	if [ "$1" ]; then
		crl_reason="$1"
		shift

		case "$crl_reason" in
			unspecified) : ;;
			keyCompromise) : ;;
			CACompromise) : ;;
			affiliationChanged) : ;;
			superseded) : ;;
			cessationOfOperation) : ;;
			certificateHold) : ;;
			*) die "Illegal reason: $crl_reason"
		esac
	else
		unset -v crl_reason
	fi

	# Enforce syntax
	if [ "$1" ]; then
		die "Syntax error: $1"
	fi

	# referenced cert must exist:
	[ -f "$crt_in" ] || die "\
Unable to revoke as no certificate was found. Certificate was expected
at: $crt_in"

	# Verify certificate
	verify_file x509 "$crt_in" || die "\
Unable to revoke as the input file is not a valid certificate. Unexpected
input in file: $crt_in"

	# Verify request
	if [ -e "$req_in" ]
	then
		verify_file req "$req_in" || die "\
Unable to move request. The file is not a valid request.
Unexpected input in file: $req_in"
	fi

	# get the serial number of the certificate -> serial=XXXX
	cert_serial="$(easyrsa_openssl x509 -in "$crt_in" -noout -serial)"
	# remove the serial= part -> we only need the XXXX part
	cert_serial="${cert_serial##*=}"
	duplicate_crt_by_serial="$EASYRSA_PKI/certs_by_serial/$cert_serial.pem"

	# Set out_dir
	out_dir="$EASYRSA_PKI/revoked"
	crt_out="$out_dir/certs_by_serial/$cert_serial.crt"
	key_out="$out_dir/private_by_serial/$cert_serial.key"
	req_out="$out_dir/reqs_by_serial/$cert_serial.req"

	# NEVER over-write a revoked cert, serial number must be unique
	deny_msg="\
Cannot revoke this certificate because a conflicting file exists.
*"
	[ -e "$crt_out" ] && die "$deny_msg certificate: $crt_out"
	[ -e "$key_out" ] && die "$deny_msg private key: $key_out"
	[ -e "$req_out" ] && die "$deny_msg request    : $req_out"
	unset -v deny_msg

	# confirm operation by displaying DN:
	confirm "  Continue with revocation: " "yes" "\
  Please confirm you wish to revoke the certificate
  with the following subject:

  $(display_dn x509 "$crt_in")

  serial-number: $cert_serial
"	# => confirm end

	# Revoke certificate
	easyrsa_openssl ca -utf8 -revoke "$crt_in" \
		${crl_reason+ -crl_reason "$crl_reason"} \
		${EASYRSA_PASSIN:+ -passin "$EASYRSA_PASSIN"} \
			|| die "Failed to revoke certificate: revocation command failed."

	# move revoked files so we can reissue certificates with the same name
	revoke_move

	[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] || print # Separate Notice below
	notice "\

IMPORTANT!!!

Revocation was successful. You must run gen-crl and upload a CRL to your
infrastructure in order to prevent the revoked cert from being accepted."

	return 0
} # => revoke()

# move-revoked
# moves revoked certificates to the 'revoked' folder
# allows reissuing certificates with the same name
revoke_move() {
	# make sure revoked dirs exist
	if [ ! -d "$out_dir" ]; then
		mkdir -p "$out_dir" || die "Failed to mkdir: $out_dir"
	fi
	for target in certs_by_serial private_by_serial reqs_by_serial; do
		[ -d "$out_dir/$target" ] && continue
		mkdir -p "$out_dir/$target" \
			|| die "Failed to mkdir: $out_dir/$target"
	done

	# move crt, key and req file to renewed_then_revoked folders
	mv "$crt_in" "$crt_out" || die "Failed to move: $crt_in"

	# only move the key if we have it
	if [ -e "$key_in" ]; then
		mv "$key_in" "$key_out" || die "Failed to move: $key_in"
	fi

	# only move the req if we have it
	if [ -e "$req_in" ]; then
		mv "$req_in" "$req_out" || die "Failed to move: $req_in"
	fi

	# move any pkcs files
	for pkcs in p12 p7b p8 p1; do
		if [ -e "$in_dir/issued/$file_name_base.$pkcs" ]; then
			# issued
			mv "$in_dir/issued/$file_name_base.$pkcs" \
				"$out_dir/certs_by_serial/$cert_serial.$pkcs" \
					|| die "Failed to move: $file_name_base.$pkcs"

		elif [ -e "$in_dir/private/$file_name_base.$pkcs" ]; then
			# private
			mv "$in_dir/private/$file_name_base.$pkcs" \
				"$out_dir/private_by_serial/$cert_serial.$pkcs" \
					|| die "Failed to move: $file_name_base.$pkcs"
		else
			: # ok
		fi
	done

	# remove the duplicate certificate in the certs_by_serial folder
	rm "$duplicate_crt_by_serial" || warn \
		"Failed to remove the duplicate certificate in the certs_by_serial folder"

	# remove credentials file (if exists)
	if [ -e "$creds_in" ]; then
		confirm "Remove inline file ? " "yes" "An inline file exists. $creds_in"
		rm "$creds_in" || warn "Failed to remove the inline file."
	fi

	return 0
} # => move_revoked()

# renew backend
renew() {
	# pull filename base:
	[ "$1" ] || die "\
Error: didn't find a file base name as the first argument.
Run easyrsa without commands for usage and command help."

	verify_ca_init

	# Assign file_name_base and dust off!
	file_name_base="$1"
	shift

	in_dir="$EASYRSA_PKI"
	crt_in="$in_dir/issued/$file_name_base.crt"
	key_in="$in_dir/private/$file_name_base.key"
	req_in="$in_dir/reqs/$file_name_base.req"
	creds_in="$in_dir/$file_name_base.creds"

	# Upgrade CA index.txt.attr - unique_subject = no
	up23_upgrade_ca || die "Failed to upgrade CA to support renewal."

	# Set 'nopass'
	opt_nopass=""
	if [ "$1" ]; then
		opt_nopass="$1"
		shift
	fi

	# Enforce syntax
	if [ "$1" ]; then
		die "Syntax error: $1"
	fi

	# referenced cert must exist:
	[ -f "$crt_in" ] || die "\
Unable to renew as no certificate was found. Certificate was expected
at: $crt_in"

	# Verify certificate
	verify_file x509 "$crt_in" || die "\
Unable to renew as the input file is not a valid certificate. Unexpected
input in file: $crt_in"

	# Verify request
	if [ -e "$req_in" ]
	then
		verify_file req "$req_in" || die "\
Unable to move request. The file is not a valid request.
Unexpected input in file: $req_in"
	fi

	# get the serial number of the certificate -> serial=XXXX
	cert_serial="$(easyrsa_openssl x509 -in "$crt_in" -noout -serial)"
	# remove the serial= part -> we only need the XXXX part
	cert_serial="${cert_serial##*=}"
	duplicate_crt_by_serial="$EASYRSA_PKI/certs_by_serial/$cert_serial.pem"

	# Set out_dir
	out_dir="$EASYRSA_PKI/renewed"
	crt_out="$out_dir/issued/$file_name_base.crt"
	key_out="$out_dir/private/$file_name_base.key"
	req_out="$out_dir/reqs/$file_name_base.req"

	# NEVER over-write a renewed cert, revoke it first
	deny_msg="\
Cannot renew this certificate because a conflicting file exists.
*"
	[ -e "$crt_out" ] && die "$deny_msg certificate: $crt_out"
	[ -e "$key_out" ] && die "$deny_msg private key: $key_out"
	[ -e "$req_out" ] && die "$deny_msg request    : $req_out"
	unset -v deny_msg

	# Check if old cert is expired or expires within 30
	cert_dates "$crt_in"

	[ "$expire_date_s" -lt "$allow_renew_date_s" ] || die "\
Certificate expires in more than $EASYRSA_CERT_RENEW days.
Renewal not allowed."

	# Extract certificate usage from old cert
	cert_ext_key_usage="$(
		easyrsa_openssl x509 -in "$crt_in" -noout -text |
		sed -n "/X509v3 Extended Key Usage:/{n;s/^ *//g;p;}"
		)"

	case "$cert_ext_key_usage" in
		"TLS Web Client Authentication")
			cert_type=client
			;;
		"TLS Web Server Authentication")
			cert_type=server
			;;
		"TLS Web Server Authentication, TLS Web Client Authentication")
			cert_type=serverClient
			;;
		*) die "Unknown key usage: $cert_ext_key_usage"
	esac

	# Use SAN from --subject-alt-name if set else use SAN from old cert
	if echo "$EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS" | grep -q subjectAltName; then
		: # ok - Use current subjectAltName
	else
		san="$(
			easyrsa_openssl x509 -in "$crt_in" -noout -text | sed -n \
			"/X509v3 Subject Alternative Name:/{n;s/IP Address:/IP:/g;s/ //g;p;}"
			)"

		[ -n "$san" ] && export EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS="\
$EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS
subjectAltName = $san"
	fi

	# confirm operation by displaying DN:
	confirm "  Continue with renewal: " "yes" "\
  Please confirm you wish to renew the certificate
  with the following subject:

  $(display_dn x509 "$crt_in")

  serial-number: $cert_serial
"	# => confirm end

	# move renewed files so we can reissue certificate with the same name
	renew_move

	# Set restore on error flag
	restore_failed_renew=1

	# renew certificate
	build_full "$cert_type" "$file_name_base" "$opt_nopass" || die "\
Failed to renew certificate: renew command failed."

	# Success messages
	[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] || print # Separate Notice below
	notice "\

IMPORTANT!!!

Renew was successful:
  To revoke the old certificate once the new one has been deployed,
  use: 'easyrsa revoke-renewed $file_name_base'"

	return 0
} # => renew()

# Restore files on failure to renew
renew_restore_move() {
	unset -v restore_failed_renew rrm_err
	# restore crt, key and req file to PKI folders
	if ! mv "$restore_crt_out" "$restore_crt_in"; then
		warn "Failed to restore: $restore_crt_out"
		rrm_err=1
	fi

	# only restore the key if we have it
	if [ -e "$restore_key_out" ]; then
		if ! mv "$restore_key_out" "$restore_key_in"; then
			warn "Failed to restore: $restore_key_out"
			rrm_err=1
		fi
	fi

	# only restore the req if we have it
	if [ -e "$restore_req_out" ]; then
		if ! mv "$restore_req_out" "$restore_req_in"; then
			warn "Failed to restore: $restore_req_out"
			rrm_err=1
		fi
	fi

	# messages
	[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] || print # Separate Notice below
	if [ "$rrm_err" ]; then
		warn "Failed to restore renewed files."
	else
		notice "Renewed files have been restored."
	fi
} # => renew_restore_move()

# renew_move
# moves renewed certificates to the 'renewed' folder
# allows reissuing certificates with the same name
renew_move() {
	# make sure renewed dirs exist
	if [ ! -d "$out_dir" ]; then
		mkdir -p "$out_dir" || die "Failed to mkdir: $out_dir"
	fi
	for target in issued private reqs; do
		[ -d "$out_dir/$target" ] && continue
		mkdir -p "$out_dir/$target" \
			|| die "Failed to mkdir: $out_dir/$target"
	done

	# move crt, key and req file to renewed folders
	restore_crt_in="$crt_in"
	restore_crt_out="$crt_out"
	mv "$crt_in" "$crt_out" || die "Failed to move: $crt_in"

	# only move the key if we have it
	restore_key_in="$key_in"
	restore_key_out="$key_out"
	if [ -e "$key_in" ]; then
		mv "$key_in" "$key_out" || die "Failed to move: $key_in"
	fi

	# only move the req if we have it
	restore_req_in="$req_in"
	restore_req_out="$req_out"
	if [ -e "$req_in" ]; then
		mv "$req_in" "$req_out" || die "Failed to move: $req_in"
	fi

	# remove any pkcs files
	for pkcs in p12 p7b p8 p1; do
		if [ -e "$in_dir/issued/$file_name_base.$pkcs" ]; then
			# issued
			rm "$in_dir/issued/$file_name_base.$pkcs" \
				|| die "Failed to remove: $file_name_base.$pkcs"

		elif [ -e "$in_dir/private/$file_name_base.$pkcs" ]; then
			# private
			rm "$in_dir/private/$file_name_base.$pkcs" \
				|| die "Failed to remove: $file_name_base.$pkcs"
		else
			: # ok
		fi
	done

	# remove the duplicate certificate in the certs_by_serial folder
	if [ -e "$duplicate_crt_by_serial" ]; then
		rm "$duplicate_crt_by_serial" || warn \
		"Failed to remove the duplicate certificate in the certs_by_serial folder"
	fi

	# remove credentials file (if exists)
	if [ -e "$creds_in" ]; then
		confirm "Remove inline file ? " "yes" "An inline file exists. $creds_in"
		rm "$creds_in" || warn "Failed to remove the inline file."
	fi

	return 0
} # => renew_move()

# revoke-renewed backend
revoke_renewed() {
	# pull filename base:
	[ "$1" ] || die "\
Error: didn't find a file base name as the first argument.
Run easyrsa without commands for usage and command help."

	verify_ca_init

	# Assign file_name_base and dust off!
	file_name_base="$1"
	shift

	in_dir="$EASYRSA_PKI/renewed"
	crt_in="$in_dir/issued/$file_name_base.crt"
	key_in="$in_dir/private/$file_name_base.key"
	req_in="$in_dir/reqs/$file_name_base.req"
	#creds_in="$EASYRSA_PKI/$file_name_base.creds"

	# Assign possible "crl_reason"
	if [ "$1" ]; then
		crl_reason="$1"
		shift

		case "$crl_reason" in
			unspecified) : ;;
			keyCompromise) : ;;
			CACompromise) : ;;
			affiliationChanged) : ;;
			superseded) : ;;
			cessationOfOperation) : ;;
			certificateHold) : ;;
			*) die "Illegal reason: $crl_reason"
		esac
	else
		unset -v crl_reason
	fi

	# Enforce syntax
	if [ "$1" ]; then
		die "Syntax error: $1"
	fi

	# referenced cert must exist:
	[ -f "$crt_in" ] || die "\
Unable to revoke as no renewed certificate was found.
Certificate was expected at: $crt_in"

	# Verify certificate
	verify_file x509 "$crt_in" || die "\
Unable to revoke as the input file is not a valid certificate. Unexpected
input in file: $crt_in"

	# Verify request
	if [ -e "$req_in" ]
	then
		verify_file req "$req_in" || die "\
Unable to move request. The file is not a valid request.
Unexpected input in file: $req_in"
	fi

	# get the serial number of the certificate -> serial=XXXX
	cert_serial="$(easyrsa_openssl x509 -in "$crt_in" -noout -serial)" \
		|| die "renew-revoked - Failed to retrieve certificate serial number"
	# remove the serial= part -> we only need the XXXX part
	cert_serial="${cert_serial##*=}"

	# output
	out_dir="$EASYRSA_PKI/revoked"
	crt_out="$out_dir/certs_by_serial/$cert_serial.crt"
	key_out="$out_dir/private_by_serial/$cert_serial.key"
	req_out="$out_dir/reqs_by_serial/$cert_serial.req"

	# NEVER over-write a revoked cert, serial number must be unique
	deny_msg="\
Cannot revoke this certificate because a conflicting file exists.
*"
	[ -e "$crt_out" ] && die "$deny_msg certificate: $crt_out"
	[ -e "$key_out" ] && die "$deny_msg private key: $key_out"
	[ -e "$req_out" ] && die "$deny_msg request    : $req_out"
	unset -v deny_msg

	# confirm operation by displaying DN:
	confirm "  Continue with revocation: " "yes" "\
  Please confirm you wish to revoke the renewed certificate
  with the following subject:

  $(display_dn x509 "$crt_in")

  serial-number: $cert_serial
"	# => confirm end

	# Revoke the old (already renewed) certificate
	easyrsa_openssl ca -utf8 -revoke "$crt_in" \
		${crl_reason:+ -crl_reason "$crl_reason"} \
		${EASYRSA_PASSIN:+ -passin "$EASYRSA_PASSIN"} \
			|| die "Failed to revoke renewed certificate: revocation command failed."

	# move revoked files
	revoke_renewed_move

	[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] || print # Separate Notice below
	notice "\

IMPORTANT!!!

Revocation was successful. You must run gen-crl and upload a CRL to your
infrastructure in order to prevent the revoked renewed cert from being accepted.
"       # => notice end

	return 0
} # => revoke_renewed()

# move-renewed-revoked
# moves renewed then revoked certificates to the 'revoked' folder
revoke_renewed_move() {
	# make sure revoked dirs exist
	if [ ! -d "$out_dir" ]; then
		mkdir -p "$out_dir" || die "Failed to mkdir: $out_dir"
	fi
	for target in certs_by_serial private_by_serial reqs_by_serial; do
		[ -d "$out_dir/$target" ] && continue
		mkdir -p "$out_dir/$target" \
			|| die "Failed to mkdir: $out_dir/$target"
	done

	# move crt, key and req file to renewed_then_revoked folders
	mv "$crt_in" "$crt_out" || die "Failed to move: $crt_in"

	# only move the key if we have it
	if [ -e "$key_in" ]; then
		mv "$key_in" "$key_out" || die "Failed to move: $key_in"
	fi

	# only move the req if we have it
	if [ -e "$req_in" ]; then
		mv "$req_in" "$req_out" || die "Failed to move: $req_in"
	fi

	# move any pkcs files
	for pkcs in p12 p7b p8 p1; do
		if [ -e "$in_dir/issued/$file_name_base.$pkcs" ]; then
			# issued
			mv "$in_dir/issued/$file_name_base.$pkcs" \
				"$out_dir/certs_by_serial/$cert_serial.$pkcs" \
					|| die "Failed to move: $file_name_base.$pkcs"

		elif [ -e "$in_dir/private/$file_name_base.$pkcs" ]; then
			# private
			mv "$in_dir/private/$file_name_base.$pkcs" \
				"$out_dir/private_by_serial/$cert_serial.$pkcs" \
					|| die "Failed to move: $file_name_base.$pkcs"
		else
			: # ok
		fi
	done

	return 0
} # => revoke_renewed_move()

# renewable backend
renewable() {
	verify_ca_init

	in_dir="$EASYRSA_PKI"
	MATCH=$(echo "$*" | sed -re 's/\s+/|/g')
	DATE=$(date --date \
               "+${EASYRSA_CERT_RENEW} days" \
               +"%y%m%d%H%M%S")
        { awkscript=$(cat) ; } <<EOF
BEGIN { FS = "\t" };
# Only report valid entries
\$1 ~ /V/ {
  # Only consider CN
  gsub(".*/CN=", "",  \$6);
  gsub("[^-0-9a-zA-Z.].*", "", \$6);
  # Only report old enough candidates
  if (\$2 < "${DATE}") {
    # Only report matches
    if (\$6 ~ /(${MATCH})/) {
      print \$6;
    }
  }
}
EOF
	matches=$(awk "$awkscript" "${in_dir}/index.txt")
	if [ -z "$matches" ] ; then
		# Nothing to renew
		exit 1
	else
		print "$matches"
	fi
} # => renewable

# Set certificate expire date, renew date and variables needed for fixdate
cert_dates() {
	if [ -e "$1" ]; then
		# Required for renewal
		# Call openssl directly, otherwise this is not debug compatible
		crt_not_before="$("$EASYRSA_OPENSSL" x509 -in "$1" -noout -startdate 2>&1)" \
			|| die "cert_dates - crt_not_before: $crt_not_before"
		crt_not_before="${crt_not_before#*=}"
		crt_not_after="$("$EASYRSA_OPENSSL" x509 -in "$1" -noout -enddate 2>&1)" \
			|| die "cert_dates - crt_not_after: $crt_not_after"
		crt_not_after="${crt_not_after#*=}"
		shift
	elif [ "$1" ]; then
		# Required for status
		crt_not_after="$1"
	else
		# Required for --fix-offset
		# This is a fake date to satisfy the 'if expire_date_s' command test
		crt_not_after="Jun 12 02:02:02 1999 GMT"
	fi

	# Set fixed dates for new certificate
	case "$EASYRSA_FIX_OFFSET" in
	'') : ;; # empty ok
	*[!1234567890]*|0*) die "\
Non-decimal value for EASYRSA_FIX_OFFSET: '$EASYRSA_FIX_OFFSET'"
	;;
	*)
		# Check offset range
		if [ 1 -gt "$EASYRSA_FIX_OFFSET" ] || [ 365 -lt "$EASYRSA_FIX_OFFSET" ]
		then
			die "Fixed off-set out of range [1-365 days]: $EASYRSA_FIX_OFFSET"
		fi

		# initialise fixed dates
		unset -v start_fixdate end_fixdate

		# Number of years from default (2 years) plus fixed offset
		fix_days="$(( (EASYRSA_CERT_EXPIRE / 365) * 365 + EASYRSA_FIX_OFFSET ))"

		# Current Year and seconds
		this_year="$(date +%Y)" || die "cert_dates - this_year"
		now_sec="$(date +%s)" || die "cert_dates - now_sec"
	esac

	# OS dependencies
	case "$easyrsa_uname" in
	"Darwin"|*"BSD")
		now_sec="$(date -j +%s)"
		expire_date="$(date -j -f '%b %d %T %Y %Z' "$crt_not_after")"
		expire_date_s="$(date -j -f '%b %d %T %Y %Z' "$crt_not_after" +%s)"
		allow_renew_date_s="$(( now_sec + EASYRSA_CERT_RENEW * 86400 ))"

		if [ "$EASYRSA_FIX_OFFSET" ]; then
			start_fix_sec="$(
				date -j -f '%Y%m%d%H%M%S' "${this_year}0101000000" +%s
				)"
			end_fix_sec="$(( start_fix_sec + fix_days * 86400 ))"
			# Convert to date-stamps for SSL input
			start_fixdate="$(date -j -r "$start_fix_sec" +%Y%m%d%H%M%SZ)"
			end_fixdate="$(date -j -r "$end_fix_sec" +%Y%m%d%H%M%SZ)"
		fi
	;;
	*)
		# Linux and Windows (FTR: date.exe does not support format +%s as input)
		if expire_date_s="$(date -d "$crt_not_after" +%s)"
		then
			# Note: date.exe is Year 2038 end 32bit
			expire_date="$(date -d "$crt_not_after")"
			allow_renew_date_s="$(date -d "+${EASYRSA_CERT_RENEW}day" +%s)"

			if [ "$EASYRSA_FIX_OFFSET" ]; then
				# New Years Day, this year
				New_Year_day="$(
					date -d "${this_year}-01-01 00:00:00Z" '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%SZ'
					)"
				# Convert to date-stamps for SSL input
				start_fixdate="$(
					date -d "$New_Year_day" +%Y%m%d%H%M%SZ
					)"
				end_fixdate="$(
					date -d "$New_Year_day +${fix_days}days" +%Y%m%d%H%M%SZ
					)"
				end_fix_sec="$(
					date -d "$New_Year_day +${fix_days}days" +%s
					)"
			fi

		# Alpine Linux and busybox
		elif expire_date_s="$(date -D "%b %e %H:%M:%S %Y" -d "$crt_not_after" +%s)"
		then
			expire_date="$(date -D "%b %e %H:%M:%S %Y" -d "$crt_not_after")"
			allow_renew_date_s="$(( now_sec + EASYRSA_CERT_RENEW * 86400 ))"

			if [ "$EASYRSA_FIX_OFFSET" ]; then
				start_fix_sec="$(date -d "${this_year}01010000.00" +%s)"
				end_fix_sec="$(( start_fix_sec + fix_days * 86400 ))"
				# Convert to date-stamps for SSL input
				start_fixdate="$(date -d @"$start_fix_sec" +%Y%m%d%H%M%SZ)"
				end_fixdate="$(date -d @"$end_fix_sec" +%Y%m%d%H%M%SZ)"
			fi

		# Something else
		else
			die "Date failed"
		fi
	esac

	# Do not generate an expired, fixed date certificate
	if [ "$EASYRSA_FIX_OFFSET" ]; then
		for date_stamp in "${now_sec}" "${end_fix_sec}"; do
			case "${date_stamp}" in
			''|*[!1234567890]*|0*)
				die "Undefined: '$now_sec', '$end_fix_sec'"
			;;
			*)
				[ "${#date_stamp}" -eq 10 ] \
					|| die "Undefined: $now_sec, $end_fix_sec"
			esac
		done
		[ "$now_sec" -lt "$end_fix_sec" ] || die "\
The lifetime of the certificate will expire before the date today."
		[ "$start_fixdate" ] || die "Undefined: start_fixdate"
		[ "$end_fixdate" ] || die "Undefined: end_fixdate"
		unset -v crt_not_after
	fi
} # => cert_dates()

# gen-crl backend
gen_crl() {
	verify_ca_init

	out_file="$EASYRSA_PKI/crl.pem"
	out_file_tmp="$(easyrsa_mktemp)" || die "Failed to create temporary file"

	easyrsa_openssl ca -utf8 -gencrl -out "$out_file_tmp" \
		${EASYRSA_PASSIN:+-passin "$EASYRSA_PASSIN"} || die "\
CRL Generation failed."

	mv "$out_file_tmp" "$out_file"

	[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] || print # Separate Notice below
	notice "\

An updated CRL has been created.
CRL file: $out_file"

	return 0
} # => gen_crl()

# import-req backend
import_req() {
	verify_pki_init

	# pull passed paths
	in_req="$1" short_name="$2"
	out_req="$EASYRSA_PKI/reqs/$2.req"

	[ -n "$short_name" ] || die "\
Unable to import: incorrect command syntax.
Run easyrsa without commands for usage and command help."

	verify_file req "$in_req" || die "\
The input file does not appear to be a certificate request. Aborting import.
File Path: $in_req"

	# destination must not exist
	[ -f "$out_req" ] && die "\
Unable to import the request as the destination file already exists.
Please choose a different name for your imported request file.
Existing file at: $out_req"

	# now import it
	cp "$in_req" "$out_req"

	notice "\

The request has been successfully imported with a short name of: $short_name
You may now use this name to perform signing operations on this request."

	return 0
} # => import_req()

# export pkcs#12, pkcs#7, pkcs#8 or pkcs#1
export_pkcs() {
	pkcs_type="$1"
	shift

	[ -n "$1" ] || die "\
Unable to export p12: incorrect command syntax.
Run easyrsa without commands for usage and command help."

	short_name="$1"
	crt_in="$EASYRSA_PKI/issued/$1.crt"
	key_in="$EASYRSA_PKI/private/$1.key"
	crt_ca="$EASYRSA_PKI/ca.crt"
	shift

	verify_pki_init

	# opts support
	cipher=-aes256
	want_ca=1
	want_key=1
	want_pass=1
	unset -v pkcs_friendly_name
	while [ -n "$1" ]; do
		case "$1" in
			noca) want_ca="" ;;
			nokey) want_key="" ;;
			nopass) want_pass="" ;;
			usefn) pkcs_friendly_name="$short_name" ;;
			*) warn "Ignoring unknown command option: '$1'"
		esac
		shift
	done

	pkcs_certfile_path=
	if [ "$want_ca" ]; then
		verify_file x509 "$crt_ca" || die "\
Unable to include CA cert in the $pkcs_type output (missing file, or use noca option.)
Missing file expected at: $crt_ca"
		pkcs_certfile_path="$crt_ca"
	fi

	# input files must exist
	verify_file x509 "$crt_in" || die "\
Unable to export $pkcs_type for short name '$short_name' without the certificate.
Missing cert expected at: $crt_in"

	# For 'nopass' PKCS requires an explicit empty password 'pass:'
	if [ -z "$want_pass" ]; then
		EASYRSA_PASSIN=pass:
		EASYRSA_PASSOUT=pass:
		unset -v cipher # pkcs#1 only
	fi

	case "$pkcs_type" in
	p12)
		pkcs_out="$EASYRSA_PKI/private/$short_name.p12"

		if [ "$want_key" ]; then
			[ -f "$key_in" ] || die "\
Unable to export p12 for short name '$short_name' without the key
(if you want a p12 without the private key, use nokey option.)
Missing key expected at: $key_in"
		else
			nokeys=1
		fi

		# export the p12:
		easyrsa_openssl pkcs12 -in "$crt_in" -inkey "$key_in" -export \
			-out "$pkcs_out" \
			${nokeys:+ -nokeys} \
			${pkcs_certfile_path:+ -certfile "$pkcs_certfile_path"} \
			${pkcs_friendly_name:+ -name "$pkcs_friendly_name"} \
			${EASYRSA_PASSIN:+ -passin "$EASYRSA_PASSIN"} \
			${EASYRSA_PASSOUT:+ -passout "$EASYRSA_PASSOUT"} \
				|| die "Failed to export PKCS#12"
	;;
	p7)
		pkcs_out="$EASYRSA_PKI/issued/$short_name.p7b"

		# export the p7:
		easyrsa_openssl crl2pkcs7 -nocrl -certfile "$crt_in" \
			-out "$pkcs_out" \
			${pkcs_certfile_path:+ -certfile "$pkcs_certfile_path"} \
				|| die "Failed to export PKCS#7"
	;;
	p8)
		pkcs_out="$EASYRSA_PKI/private/$short_name.p8"

		# export the p8:
		easyrsa_openssl pkcs8 -in "$key_in" -topk8 \
			-out "$pkcs_out" \
			${EASYRSA_PASSIN:+ -passin "$EASYRSA_PASSIN"} \
			${EASYRSA_PASSOUT:+ -passout "$EASYRSA_PASSOUT"} \
				|| die "Failed to export PKCS#8"
      ;;
	p1)
		pkcs_out="$EASYRSA_PKI/private/$short_name.p1"

		# export the p1:
		easyrsa_openssl rsa -in "$key_in" \
			-out "$pkcs_out" \
			${cipher:+ "$cipher"} \
			${EASYRSA_PASSIN:+ -passin "$EASYRSA_PASSIN"} \
			${EASYRSA_PASSOUT:+ -passout "$EASYRSA_PASSOUT"} \
				|| die "Failed to export PKCS#1"
	;;
	*) die "Unknown PKCS type: $pkcs_type"
	esac

	notice "\

Successful export of $pkcs_type file. Your exported file is at the following
location: $pkcs_out"

	return 0
} # => export_pkcs()

# set-pass backend
set_pass() {
	verify_pki_init

	# key type, supplied internally from frontend command call (rsa/ec)
	key_type="$1"

	# values supplied by the user:
	raw_file="$2"
	file="$EASYRSA_PKI/private/$raw_file.key"
	[ -n "$raw_file" ] || die "\
Missing argument to 'set-$key_type-pass' command: no name/file supplied.
See help output for usage details."

	# parse command options
	shift 2
	cipher="-aes256"
	unset nopass
	while [ -n "$1" ]; do
		case "$1" in
			nopass) nopass=1 ;;
			file) file="$raw_file" ;;
			*) warn "Ignoring unknown command option: '$1'"
		esac
		shift
	done

	# If nopass then do not encrypt else encrypt with password.
	if [ "$nopass" ]; then
		unset -v cipher
	else
		unset -v no_password
	fi

	[ -f "$file" ] || die "\
Missing private key: expected to find the private key component at:
$file"

	notice "\
If the key is currently encrypted you must supply the decryption passphrase.
${crypto:+You will then enter a new PEM passphrase for this key.$NL}"

	# Set password
	out_key_tmp="$(easyrsa_mktemp)" || die "Failed to create temporary file"
	easyrsa_openssl "$key_type" -in "$file" -out "$out_key_tmp" \
		${cipher:+ "$cipher"} \
		${no_password:+ "$no_password"} \
		${EASYRSA_PASSIN:+ -passin "$EASYRSA_PASSIN"} \
		${EASYRSA_PASSOUT:+ -passout "$EASYRSA_PASSOUT"} || die "\
Failed to change the private key passphrase. See above for possible openssl
error messages."

	mv "$out_key_tmp" "$file" || die "\
Failed to change the private key passphrase. See above for error messages."

	[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] || print # Separate Notice below
	notice "Key passphrase successfully changed"

	return 0
} # => set_pass()

# update-db backend
update_db() {
	verify_ca_init

	easyrsa_openssl ca -utf8 -updatedb \
		${EASYRSA_PASSIN:+-passin "$EASYRSA_PASSIN"} || die "\
Failed to perform update-db: see above for related openssl errors."

	return 0
} # => update_db()

# Display subjectAltName
display_san() {
	format="$1" path="$2"

	if echo "$EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS" | grep -q subjectAltName; then
		print "$(echo "$EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS" | grep subjectAltName |
			sed 's/^\s*subjectAltName\s*=\s*//')"
	else
		san="$(
		x509v3san="X509v3 Subject Alternative Name:"
		"$EASYRSA_OPENSSL" "$format" -in "$path" -noout -text |
			sed -n "/${x509v3san}/{n;s/ //g;s/IPAddress:/IP:/g;s/RegisteredID/RID/;p;}"
			)"

		[ -n "$san" ] && print "$san"
	fi
} # => display_san()

# display cert DN info on a req/X509, passed by full pathname
display_dn() {
	format="$1" path="$2"
	name_opts="utf8,sep_multiline,space_eq,lname,align"
	print "$(
		"$EASYRSA_OPENSSL" "$format" -in "$path" -noout -subject \
			-nameopt "$name_opts"
		)"
	san="$(display_san "$1" "$2")"
	if [ -n "$san" ]; then
		print ""
		print "X509v3 Subject Alternative Name:"
		print "    $san"
	fi
} # => display_dn()

# generate default SAN from req/X509, passed by full pathname
default_server_san() {
	path="$1"
	cn="$(
		easyrsa_openssl req -in "$path" -noout -subject -nameopt sep_multiline |
		awk -F'=' '/^  *CN=/{print $2}'
		)"

	if echo "$cn" | grep -E -q '^[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}$'; then
		print "subjectAltName = IP:$cn"
	else
		print "subjectAltName = DNS:$cn"
	fi
} # => default_server_san()

# Verify certificate against CA
verify_cert() {
	# pull filename base:
	[ "$1" ] || die "\
Error: didn't find a file base name as the first argument.
Run easyrsa without commands for usage and command help."

	verify_ca_init

	# Assign file_name_base and dust off!
	file_name_base="$1"
	shift

	# function opts support
	unset -v exit_with_error
	while [ "$1" ]; do
		case "$1" in
			# batch flag, return status [0/1] to calling program
			# Otherwise, exit 0 on successful completion
			batch) exit_with_error=1 ;;
			*) warn "Ignoring unknown command option: '$1'"
		esac
		shift
	done

	in_dir="$EASYRSA_PKI"
	ca_crt="$in_dir/ca.crt"
	crt_in="$in_dir/issued/$file_name_base.crt"

	# Cert file must exist
	[ -f "$crt_in" ] || die "\
No certificate found for the input: '$crt_in'"

	# Verify file is a valid cert
	verify_file x509 "$crt_in" || die "\
Input is not a valid certificate: $crt_in"

	# Test and show SSL out
	if easyrsa_openssl verify -CAfile "$ca_crt" "$crt_in"; then
		[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] || print # Separate Notice below
		notice "\
  Certificate name:   $file_name_base
  Verfication status: GOOD"
		# easyrsa_error_exit=1 # Simple 'proof of concept' test
	else
		[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] || print # Separate Notice below
		notice "\
  Certificate name:   $file_name_base
  Verfication status: FAILED"
		# Exit with error (cmd-opt: batch), otherwise terminal msg only
		[ "$exit_with_error" ] && easyrsa_error_exit=1
	fi
} # => verify_cert()

# verify a file seems to be a valid req/X509
verify_file() {
	format="$1"
	path="$2"
	easyrsa_openssl "$format" -in "$path" -noout 2>/dev/null || return 1
	return 0
} # => verify_file()

# show-* command backend
# Prints req/cert details in a readable format
show() {
	type="$1"
	name="$2"
	in_file=""
	format=""
	[ -n "$name" ] || die "\
Missing expected filename_base argument.
Run easyrsa without commands for usage help."
	shift 2

	# opts support
	type_opts="-${type}opt"
	out_opts="no_pubkey,no_sigdump"
	name_opts="utf8,sep_multiline,space_eq,lname,align"
	while [ -n "$1" ]; do
		case "$1" in
			full) out_opts= ;;
			*) warn "Ignoring unknown command option: '$1'"
		esac
		shift
	done

	# Determine cert/req type (v2)
	case "$type" in
	cert)
		verify_ca_init
		in_file="$EASYRSA_PKI/issued/${name}.crt"
		format="x509"
	;;
	req)
		verify_pki_init
		in_file="$EASYRSA_PKI/reqs/${name}.req"
		format="req"
	;;
	crl)
		verify_ca_init
		in_file="$EASYRSA_PKI/${name}.pem"
		format="crl"
		unset type_opts out_opts name_opts
	;;
	*) die "Unrecognised type: $type"
	esac

	# Verify file exists and is of the correct type
	[ -f "$in_file" ] || die "\
No such $type file with a basename of '$name' is present.
Expected to find this file at:
$in_file"

	verify_file "$format" "$in_file" || die "\
This file is not a valid $type file:
$in_file"

	notice "\

  Showing $type details for '$name'.
  This file is stored at:
  * $in_file"

	easyrsa_openssl "$format" -in "$in_file" -noout -text \
		${type_opts+ "$type_opts" "$out_opts"} \
		${name_opts+ -nameopt "$name_opts"} \
			|| die "\
OpenSSL failure to process the input"
} # => show()

# show-ca command backend
# Prints CA cert details in a readable format
show_ca() {
	# opts support
	out_opts="no_pubkey,no_sigdump"
	name_opts="utf8,sep_multiline,space_eq,lname,align"
	while [ -n "$1" ]; do
		case "$1" in
			full) out_opts= ;;
			*) warn "Ignoring unknown command option: '$1'"
		esac
		shift
	done

	verify_ca_init
	in_file="$EASYRSA_PKI/ca.crt"
	format="x509"

	# Verify file exists and is of the correct type
	[ -f "$in_file" ] || die "\
No such $type file with a basename of '$name' is present.
Expected to find this file at:
$in_file"

	verify_file "$format" "$in_file" || die "\
This file is not a valid $type file:
$in_file"

	notice "\

  Showing $type details for 'ca'.
  This file is stored at:
  * $in_file"

	easyrsa_openssl "$format" -in "$in_file" -noout -text \
		-nameopt "$name_opts" -certopt "$out_opts" || die "\
OpenSSL failure to process the input"
} # => show_ca()

# Fixed format date
# Build a Windows date.exe compatible input field
build_ff_date_string() {
	unset -v ff_date
	ff_date="$1"
	[ "$ff_date" ] || die "ff_date: '$ff_date'"
	yy="${ff_date%???????????}"
	ff_date="${ff_date#"$yy"}"
	mm="${ff_date%?????????}"
	ff_date="${ff_date#"$mm"}"
	dd="${ff_date%???????}"
	ff_date="${ff_date#"$dd"}"
	HH="${ff_date%?????}"
	ff_date="${ff_date#"$HH"}"
	MM="${ff_date%???}"
	ff_date="${ff_date#"$MM"}"
	SS="${ff_date%?}"
	ff_date="${ff_date#"$SS"}"
	TZ="$ff_date"
	ff_date="${yy}-${mm}-${dd} ${HH}:${MM}:${SS}${TZ}"
} # => build_date_string()

# SC2295: (info): Expansions inside ${..} need to be quoted separately,
# otherwise they match as patterns. (what-ever that means .. ;-)
# Unfortunately, Windows sh.exe has an absolutely ridiculous bug.
# Try this in sh.exe: t='   '; s="a${t}b${t}c"; echo "${s%%"${t}"*}"

# Read db
# shellcheck disable=SC2295
read_db() {
	report="$1"; shift

	tab_char='	'
	db_in="$EASYRSA_PKI/index.txt"
	while read -r db_status db_notAfter db_record; do

		# Interpret the db/certificate record
		unset -v db_serial db_cn db_revoke_date db_reason
		case "$db_status" in
		V)	# Valid
			db_serial="${db_record%%${tab_char}*}"
			db_record="${db_record#*${tab_char}}"
			db_cn="${db_record#*/CN=}"; db_cn="${db_cn%%/*}"
			crt_file="$EASYRSA_PKI/issued/$db_cn.crt"
		;;
		R)	# Revoked
			db_revoke_date="${db_record%%${tab_char}*}"
			db_reason="${db_revoke_date#*,}"
			if [ "$db_reason" = "$db_revoke_date" ]; then
				db_reason="None given"
			else
				db_revoke_date="${db_revoke_date%,*}"
			fi
			db_record="${db_record#*${tab_char}}"

			db_serial="${db_record%%${tab_char}*}"
			db_record="${db_record#*${tab_char}}"
			db_cn="${db_record#*/CN=}"; db_cn="${db_cn%%/*}"
		;;
		*) die "Unexpected status: $db_status"
		esac

		# Output selected status report for this record
		case "$report" in
		expire) # Certs which expire before EASYRSA_CERT_RENEW days
			if [ "$db_status" = V ]; then expire_status; fi
		;;
		revoke) # Certs which have been revoked
			if [ "$db_status" = R ]; then revoke_status; fi
		;;
		renew) # Certs which have been renewed but not revoked
			if [ "$db_status" = V ]; then renew_status; fi
		;;
		*) die "Unrecognised report: $report"
		esac
	done < "$db_in"
} # => read_db()

# Expire status
expire_status() {
	crt_file="$EASYRSA_PKI/issued/$db_cn.crt"
	if [ -e "$crt_file" ]; then
		# Use cert date
		cert_dates "$crt_file"
	else
		# Translate db date to usable date
		build_ff_date_string "$db_notAfter"
		db_notAfter="$ff_date"
		# Use db translated date
		cert_dates "$db_notAfter"
	fi

	if [ "$expire_date_s" -lt "$allow_renew_date_s" ]; then
		# Cert expires in less than grace period
		printf '%s%s\n' "$db_status | Serial: $db_serial | " \
			"Expires: $expire_date | CN: $db_cn"
	fi
} # => expire_status()

# Revoke status
revoke_status() {
		# Translate db date to usable date
		build_ff_date_string "$db_revoke_date"
		db_revoke_date="$ff_date"
		# Use db translated date
		# ff db_revoke_date returns db_revoke_date as full expire_date
		cert_dates "$db_revoke_date"
		crt_revoke_date="$expire_date"

		printf '%s%s\n' "$db_status | Serial: $db_serial | " \
			"Revoked: $crt_revoke_date | Reason: $db_reason | CN: $db_cn"
} # => revoke_status()

# Renewed status
# renewed certs only remain in the renewed folder until they are revoked
# Only ONE renewed cert with unique CN can exist in the renewed folder
renew_status() {
	build_ff_date_string "$db_notAfter"

	# Does a Renewed cert exist ?
	crt_file="$EASYRSA_PKI/renewed/issued/${db_cn}.crt"
	if [ -e "$crt_file" ]; then
		# Use cert date
		cert_dates "$crt_file"

		# get the serial number of the certificate -> serial=XXXX
		renewed_crt_serial="$(easyrsa_openssl x509 -in "$crt_file" -noout -serial)"
		# remove the serial= part -> we only need the XXXX part
		renewed_crt_serial="${renewed_crt_serial##*=}"

		# db serial must match certificate serial
		if [ "$db_serial" = "$renewed_crt_serial" ]; then
			printf '%s%s\n' "$db_status | Serial: $db_serial | " \
				"Expires: $crt_not_after | CN: $db_cn"
		else
			# Cert is valid, this is the replacement cert from renewal
			: # ok - ignore
		fi
	else
		# Cert is valid but no renewed cert exists or it has been revoked
		: # ok - ignore
	fi
} # => renew_status()

# cert status reports
status() {
	report="$1"
	in_crt="$2"
	shift 2

	verify_ca_init

	# This does not build certs, so do not need support for fixed dates
	unset -v EASYRSA_FIX_OFFSET

	case "$report" in
	expire)
		case "$in_crt" in
		all)
			[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] || print "\
* Showing certificates which expire in less than $EASYRSA_CERT_RENEW days:
"
			read_db expire
		;;
		*) print "Coming soon.."
		esac
	;;
	revoke)
		case "$in_crt" in
		all)
			[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] || print "\
* Showing certificates which are revoked:
"
			read_db revoke
		;;
		*) print "Coming soon.."
		esac
	;;
	renew)
		case "$in_crt" in
		all)
			[ "$EASYRSA_SILENT" ] || print "\
* Showing certificates which have been renewed but NOT revoked:
"
			read_db renew
		;;
		*) print "Coming soon.."
		esac
	;;
	*) warn "Unrecognised report: $report"
	esac
} # => status()

# set_var is not known by shellcheck, therefore:
# Fake declare known variables for shellcheck
# Use these options without this function:
# -o all -e 2250,2244,2248 easyrsa
satisfy_shellcheck() {
	die "Security feature enabled!"
	# Add more as/if required

	# Enable the heredoc for a peek
#cat << SC2154
	EASYRSA=
	EASYRSA_OPENSSL=
	EASYRSA_PKI=
	EASYRSA_DN=
	EASYRSA_REQ_COUNTRY=
	EASYRSA_REQ_PROVINCE=
	EASYRSA_REQ_CITY=
	EASYRSA_REQ_ORG=
	EASYRSA_REQ_EMAIL=
	EASYRSA_REQ_OU=
	EASYRSA_ALGO=
	EASYRSA_KEY_SIZE=
	EASYRSA_CURVE=
	EASYRSA_EC_DIR=
	EASYRSA_CA_EXPIRE=
	EASYRSA_CERT_EXPIRE=
	EASYRSA_CERT_RENEW=
	EASYRSA_CRL_DAYS=
	EASYRSA_NS_SUPPORT=
	EASYRSA_NS_COMMENT=
	EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR=
	EASYRSA_REQ_CN=
	EASYRSA_DIGEST=

	EASYRSA_SSL_CONF=
	EASYRSA_SAFE_CONF=
	OPENSSL_CONF=

	#EASYRSA_KDC_REALM=

	EASYRSA_RAND_SN=
	KSH_VERSION=
#SC2154

} # => satisfy_shellcheck()

# Identify host OS
detect_host() {
	unset -v easyrsa_host_os easyrsa_host_test easyrsa_win_git_bash

	# Detect Windows
	[ "${OS}" ] && easyrsa_host_test="${OS}"

	# shellcheck disable=SC2016 # expansion inside '' blah
	easyrsa_ksh='@(#)MIRBSD KSH R39-w32-beta14 $Date: 2013/06/28 21:28:57 $'
	[ "${KSH_VERSION}" = "${easyrsa_ksh}" ] && easyrsa_host_test="${easyrsa_ksh}"
	unset -v easyrsa_ksh

	# If not Windows then nix
	if [ "${easyrsa_host_test}" ]; then
		easyrsa_host_os=win
		easyrsa_uname="${easyrsa_host_test}"
		easyrsa_shell="$SHELL"
		# Detect Windows git/bash
		if [ "${EXEPATH}" ]; then
			easyrsa_shell="$SHELL (Git)"
			easyrsa_win_git_bash="${EXEPATH}"
			# If found then set openssl NOW!
			[ -e /usr/bin/openssl ] && set_var EASYRSA_OPENSSL /usr/bin/openssl
		fi
	else
		easyrsa_host_os=nix
		easyrsa_uname="$(uname 2>/dev/null)"
		easyrsa_shell="$SHELL"
	fi
	host_out="$easyrsa_host_os | $easyrsa_uname | $easyrsa_shell"
	host_out="${host_out}${easyrsa_win_git_bash+ | "$easyrsa_win_git_bash"}"
	unset -v easyrsa_host_test
} # => detect_host()

# Verify the selected algorithm parameters
verify_algo_params() {
	# EASYRSA_ALGO_PARAMS must be set depending on selected algo
	case "$EASYRSA_ALGO" in
	rsa)
		# Set RSA key size
		EASYRSA_ALGO_PARAMS="$EASYRSA_KEY_SIZE"
	;;
	ec)
		# Verify Elliptic curve
		EASYRSA_ALGO_PARAMS="$(easyrsa_mktemp)"

		# Create the required ecparams file
		easyrsa_openssl ecparam -name "$EASYRSA_CURVE" \
			-out "$EASYRSA_ALGO_PARAMS" 1>/dev/null || die "\
Failed to generate ecparam file (permissions?) when writing to:
$EASYRSA_ALGO_PARAMS"
	;;
	ed)
		# Verify Edwards curve
		easyrsa_openssl genpkey -algorithm "$EASYRSA_CURVE" > /dev/null \
			|| die "Edwards Curve $EASYRSA_CURVE not found."
	;;
	*) die "Alg '$EASYRSA_ALGO' is invalid: must be 'rsa', 'ec' or 'ed'"
	esac
} # => verify_algo_params()

# vars setup
# Here sourcing of 'vars' if present occurs. If not present, defaults are used
# to support running without a sourced config format
vars_setup() {
	# Try to locate a 'vars' file in order of location preference.
	# If one is found, source it
	# NOTE: EASYRSA_PKI is never set here, unless cmd-line --pki-dir=<DIR> is set.
	# NOTE: EASYRSA is never set here, unless done so outside of easyrsa.
	vars=

	# set up program path
	prog_file="$0"
	# Removed for basic sanity - To re-enable provide a REASON
	#prog_file2="$(which -- "$prog_file" 2>/dev/null)" && prog_file="$prog_file2"
	#prog_file2="$(readlink -f "$prog_file" 2>/dev/null)" && prog_file="$prog_file2"
	prog_dir="${prog_file%/*}"
	if [ "$prog_dir" = . ]; then prog_in_pwd=1; else unset -v prog_in_pwd; fi

	# Program dir vars - This location is least wanted.
	prog_vars="${prog_dir}/vars"

	# set up PKI path vars - Top preference
	pki_vars="${EASYRSA_PKI:-$PWD/pki}/vars"
	expected_pki_vars="$pki_vars"

	# Some other place vars, out of scope.
	if [ "$EASYRSA" ]; then
		easy_vars="${EASYRSA}/vars"
	else
		unset -v easy_vars
	fi

	# vars of last resort - Eventually this file must be removed from EasyRSA
	pwd_vars="$PWD/vars"

	# Find vars
	# Explicit command-line path:
	if [ "$EASYRSA_VARS_FILE" ]; then
		if [ -e "$EASYRSA_VARS_FILE" ]; then
			vars="$EASYRSA_VARS_FILE"
		else
			# If the --vars option does not point to a file, show helpful error.
			die "The file '$EASYRSA_VARS_FILE' was not found."
		fi
		unset -v prog_vars pwd_vars easy_vars pki_vars expected_pki_vars

	# Otherwise, find vars 'the new way' followed by 'the old way' ..
	else
		# if PKI is required
		if [ "$no_pki_required" ]; then
			: # ok - No vars required either
		else
			# Clear flags - This is the preferred order to find:
			unset -v e_pki_vars e_easy_vars e_pwd_vars e_prog_vars \
				found_vars vars_in_pki

			# PKI location, if present:
			[ -e "$pki_vars" ] && e_pki_vars=1

			# EASYRSA, if defined:
			[ -e "$easy_vars" ] && e_easy_vars=1

			# Eventually the file below must be removed from EasyRSA
			# vars of last resort
			[ -e "$pwd_vars" ] && e_pwd_vars=1

			# program location:
			[ -e "$prog_vars" ] && e_prog_vars=1

			# Filter duplicates
			if [ "$e_prog_vars" ] && [ "$e_pwd_vars" ] && [ "$prog_in_pwd" ]; then
				unset -v prog_vars e_prog_vars
			fi

			# Allow only one vars to be found, No exceptions!
			found_vars="$((e_pki_vars + e_easy_vars + e_pwd_vars + e_prog_vars))"

			# If found_vars greater than 1 then output user info and exit
			case "$found_vars" in
				0) unset -v found_vars ;;
				1) : ;; # ok
				*)
					[ "$e_pki_vars" ] && print "Found: $pki_vars"
					[ "$e_easy_vars" ] && print "Found: $easy_vars"
					[ "$e_pwd_vars" ] && print "Found: $pwd_vars"
					[ "$e_prog_vars" ] && print "Found: $prog_vars"
					die "\
Conflicting 'vars' files found.

Priority should be given to your PKI vars file:
* $expected_pki_vars
"
			esac

			# If a SINGLE vars file is found then assign $vars
			[ "$e_prog_vars" ] && vars="$prog_vars"
			[ "$e_pwd_vars" ] && vars="$pwd_vars"
			[ "$e_easy_vars" ] && vars="$easy_vars"
			[ "$e_pki_vars" ] && vars="$pki_vars" && vars_in_pki=1

			# Clean up
			unset -v prog_vars pwd_vars easy_vars pki_vars
		fi
	# END: Find vars
	fi

	# If $EASYRSA_NO_VARS is defined (not blank) then do not use vars.
	# If $no_pki_required then located vars files are not required.
	if [ "$EASYRSA_NO_VARS" ] || [ "$no_pki_required" ]; then
		: # ok
	else
		# If a vars file was located then source it
		if [ -z "$vars" ]; then
			# $vars remains undefined .. no vars found
			# install_data_to_pki() will create a default 'PKI/vars'
			: # ok
		else
			# 'vars' now MUST exist
			[ -e "$vars" ] || die "Missing vars file, expected: $vars"

			# Sanitize vars
			if grep -Eq 'EASYRSA_PASSIN|EASYRSA_PASSOUT' "$vars"; then
				die "\
Variable EASYRSA_PASSIN or EASYRSA_PASSOUT has been found in the configuration
file. Storing sensitive information in the configuration file is not
recommended - please remove it from there before continuing."
			fi

			# Sanitize vars further but ONLY if it is in PKI folder
			if [ "$vars_in_pki" ]; then
				# Warning: Unsupported  characters
				if grep '^[[:blank:]]*set_var[[:blank:]]\+.*' "$vars" | \
					grep -q -e '&' -e "'" -e '`' -e '\$' -e '#' ; then
					warn "\
Unsupported  characters are present in the vars file.
These characters are not supported: (') (&) (\`) (\$) (#)
Sourcing the vars file and building certificates will probably fail .."
				fi
			fi

			# Enable sourcing 'vars'
			# shellcheck disable=SC2034 # EASYRSA_CALLER appears unused.
			EASYRSA_CALLER=1

			# Test souring 'vars' in a subshell
			# shellcheck disable=1090 # can't follow non-constant source. vars
			( . "$vars" 2>/dev/null ) || die "\
Failed to source the vars file, remove any unsupported characters."

			# Source 'vars' now
			# shellcheck disable=1090 # can't follow non-constant source. vars
			. "$vars" 2>/dev/null
			notice "Using Easy-RSA configuration from: $vars"
			if [ "$user_vars_true" ]; then
				: # ok - No message required
			else
				[ "$vars_in_pki" ] || \
					warn "\
  Move your vars file to your PKI folder, where it is safe!"
			fi
		fi
	fi

	# Set defaults, preferring existing env-vars if present
	set_var EASYRSA					"$PWD"
	set_var EASYRSA_OPENSSL			openssl
	set_var EASYRSA_PKI				"$EASYRSA/pki"
	set_var EASYRSA_DN				cn_only
	set_var EASYRSA_REQ_COUNTRY		"US"
	set_var EASYRSA_REQ_PROVINCE	"California"
	set_var EASYRSA_REQ_CITY		"San Francisco"
	set_var EASYRSA_REQ_ORG			"Copyleft Certificate Co"
	set_var EASYRSA_REQ_EMAIL		me@example.net
	set_var EASYRSA_REQ_OU			"My Organizational Unit"
	set_var EASYRSA_ALGO			rsa
	set_var EASYRSA_KEY_SIZE		2048
	set_var EASYRSA_CURVE			secp384r1
	set_var EASYRSA_EC_DIR			"$EASYRSA_PKI/ecparams"
	set_var EASYRSA_CA_EXPIRE		3650
	set_var EASYRSA_CERT_EXPIRE		825 # new default of 36 months
	set_var EASYRSA_CERT_RENEW		30
	set_var EASYRSA_CRL_DAYS		180
	set_var EASYRSA_NS_SUPPORT		no
	set_var EASYRSA_NS_COMMENT		"Easy-RSA (~VER~) Generated Certificate"
	set_var EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR		"$EASYRSA_PKI"
	set_var EASYRSA_REQ_CN			ChangeMe
	set_var EASYRSA_DIGEST			sha256

	set_var EASYRSA_SSL_CONF		"$EASYRSA_PKI/openssl-easyrsa.cnf"
	set_var EASYRSA_SAFE_CONF		"$EASYRSA_PKI/safessl-easyrsa.cnf"
	set_var OPENSSL_CONF			"$EASYRSA_SAFE_CONF"

	set_var EASYRSA_KDC_REALM		"CHANGEME.EXAMPLE.COM"

	# For commands which 'require a PKI' and the PKI exists
	if  [ ! "$no_pki_required" ] && [ -d "$EASYRSA_PKI" ]; then

		# Make a safe SSL config for LibreSSL
		# Must specify 'no_pki_required' and 'require_safe_ssl_conf' here
		# because verify_ssl_lib() has not yet run
		# sub-shell out, to change running variables, only the file is required
		#(
		#	no_pki_required=1
		#	require_safe_ssl_conf=1
		#	easyrsa_openssl makesafeconf
		#) || \
		#	die "Failed to create safe ssl conf (vars_setup)"
		# Alternate version:
		no_pki_required=1 require_safe_ssl_conf=1 easyrsa_openssl makesafeconf || \
			die "Failed to create safe ssl conf (vars_setup)"

		# mkdir Temp dir session
		secure_session || die "Temporary directory secure-session failed."

		if [ -d "$EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR" ]; then

			#TODO: This should be removed.  Not really suitable for packaging.
			#set_var EASYRSA_EXT_DIR		"$EASYRSA/x509-types"

			# Hard break from 'old' Easy-RSA, see obsolete comment above.
			# Install data-files into ALL PKIs
			# This will find x509-types and export EASYRSA_EXT_DIR or die.
			# Other errors only require warning.
			install_data_to_pki vars-setup || \
				warn "Failed to install new required data-dir to PKI. (vars_setup)"

			# export OPENSSL_CONF for OpenSSL, OpenSSL config file MUST exist
			# EASYRSA_SAFE_CONF is output by 'install_data_to_pki()'
			# via 'easyrsa_openssl() makesafeconf' above.
			# Setting EasyRSA specific OPENSSL_CONF to sanatized safe conf
			if [ -e "$EASYRSA_SAFE_CONF" ]; then
				export OPENSSL_CONF="$EASYRSA_SAFE_CONF"
			else
				die "Failed to find Safe-SSL config file."
			fi

			# Verify selected algorithm and parameters
			verify_algo_params

		else
			# If the directory does not exist then we have not run init-pki
			# The temp-dir is Always created by 'install_data_to_pki'
			die "Temporary directory does not exist: $EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR"
		fi
	fi
} # vars_setup()

# variable assignment by indirection when undefined; merely exports
# the variable when it is already defined (even if currently null)
# Sets $1 as the value contained in $2 and exports (may be blank)
set_var() {
	var=$1
	shift
	value="$*"
	eval "export $var=\"\${$var-$value}\""
} #=> set_var()



############################################################################
# Upgrade v2 PKI to v3 PKI

# You can report problems on the normal openvpn support channels:
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
#   1. The Openvpn Forum: https://forums.openvpn.net/viewforum.php?f=31
#   2. The #easyrsa IRC channel at libera.chat
#   3. Info: https://community.openvpn.net/openvpn/wiki/easyrsa-upgrade
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
#

up23_fail_upgrade ()
{
	# Replace die()
	unset EASYRSA_BATCH
	notice "
============================================================================
The update has failed but NOTHING has been lost.

ERROR: $1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Further info:
* https://community.openvpn.net/openvpn/wiki/easyrsa-upgrade#ersa-up23-fails

Easyrsa3 upgrade FAILED
============================================================================
"
	exit 9
} #=> up23_fail_upgrade ()

up23_verbose ()
{
	[ "$VERBOSE" ] || return 0
	printf "%s\n" "$1"
} #=> up23_verbose ()

up23_verify_new_pki ()
{
	# Fail now, before any changes are made

	up23_verbose "> Verify DEFAULT NEW PKI does not exist .."
	EASYRSA_NEW_PKI="$EASYRSA/pki"
	[ -d "$EASYRSA_NEW_PKI" ] \
	&& up23_fail_upgrade "DEFAULT NEW PKI exists: $EASYRSA_NEW_PKI"

	up23_verbose "> Verify VERY-SAFE-PKI does not exist .."
	EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI="$EASYRSA/VERY-SAFE-PKI"
	[ -d "$EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI" ] \
	&& up23_fail_upgrade "VERY-SAFE-PKI exists: $EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI"

	up23_verbose "> Verify openssl-easyrsa.cnf does exist .."
	EASYRSA_SSL_CNFFILE="$EASYRSA/openssl-easyrsa.cnf"
	[ -f "$EASYRSA_SSL_CNFFILE" ] \
	|| up23_fail_upgrade "cannot find $EASYRSA_SSL_CNFFILE"

	up23_verbose "> Verify vars.example does exist .."
	EASYRSA_VARSV3_EXMP="$EASYRSA/vars.example"
	[ -f "$EASYRSA_VARSV3_EXMP" ] \
	|| up23_fail_upgrade "cannot find $EASYRSA_VARSV3_EXMP"

	up23_verbose "> OK"
	up23_verbose "  Initial dirs & files are in a workable state."
} #=> up23_verify_new_pki ()

# shellcheck disable=SC2154
up23_verify_current_pki ()
{
	up23_verbose "> Verify CURRENT PKI vars .."

	# This can probably be improved
	EASYRSA_NO_REM="$(grep '^set ' "$EASYRSA_VER2_VARSFILE")"

	# This list may not be complete
	# Not required: DH_KEY_SIZE PKCS11_MODULE_PATH PKCS11_PIN
	for i in KEY_DIR KEY_SIZE KEY_COUNTRY KEY_PROVINCE \
	KEY_CITY KEY_ORG KEY_EMAIL KEY_CN KEY_NAME KEY_OU
	do
		# Effectively, source the v2 vars file
		UNIQUE="set $i"
		KEY_grep="$(printf "%s\n" "$EASYRSA_NO_REM" | grep "$UNIQUE")"
		KEY_value="${KEY_grep##*=}"
		set_var $i "$KEY_value"
	done

	[ -d "$KEY_DIR" ] || up23_fail_upgrade "Cannot find CURRENT PKI KEY_DIR: $KEY_DIR"

	up23_verbose "> OK"
	up23_verbose "  Current CURRENT PKI vars uses PKI in: $KEY_DIR"
} #=> up23_verify_current_pki ()

# shellcheck disable=SC2154
up23_verify_current_ca ()
{
	up23_verbose "> Find CA .."
	# $KEY_DIR is assigned in up23_verify_current_pki ()
	[ -f "$KEY_DIR/ca.crt" ] \
	|| up23_fail_upgrade "Cannot find current ca.crt: $KEY_DIR/ca.crt"
	up23_verbose "> OK"

	# If CA is already verified then return
	in_file="$KEY_DIR/ca.crt"
	[ "$CURRENT_CA_IS_VERIFIED" = "$in_file" ] && return 0
	format="x509"

	# Current CA is unverified
	# Extract the current CA details
	name_opts="utf8,sep_multiline,space_eq,lname,align"
	CA_SUBJECT="$(
		easyrsa_openssl $format -in "$in_file" -subject -noout \
			-nameopt "$name_opts"
		)"

	# Extract individual elements
	CA_countryName="$(printf "%s\n" "$CA_SUBJECT" \
	| grep countryName | sed "s\`^.*=\ \`\`g")"
	CA_stateOrProvinceName="$(printf "%s\n" "$CA_SUBJECT" \
	| grep stateOrProvinceName | sed "s\`^.*=\ \`\`g")"
	CA_localityName="$(printf "%s\n" "$CA_SUBJECT" \
	| grep localityName | sed "s\`^.*=\ \`\`g")"
	CA_organizationName="$(printf "%s\n" "$CA_SUBJECT" \
	| grep organizationName | sed "s\`^.*=\ \`\`g")"
	CA_organizationalUnitName="$(printf "%s\n" "$CA_SUBJECT" \
	| grep organizationalUnitName | sed "s\`^.*=\ \`\`g")"
	CA_emailAddress="$(printf "%s\n" "$CA_SUBJECT" \
	| grep emailAddress | sed "s\`^.*=\ \`\`g")"

	# Match the current CA elements to the vars file settings
	CA_vars_match=1
	[ "$CA_countryName" = "$KEY_COUNTRY" ] || CA_vars_match=0
	[ "$CA_stateOrProvinceName" = "$KEY_PROVINCE" ] || CA_vars_match=0
	[ "$CA_localityName" = "$KEY_CITY" ] || CA_vars_match=0
	[ "$CA_organizationName" = "$KEY_ORG" ] || CA_vars_match=0
	[ "$CA_organizationalUnitName" = "$KEY_OU" ] || CA_vars_match=0
	[ "$CA_emailAddress" = "$KEY_EMAIL" ] || CA_vars_match=0

	if [ "$CA_vars_match" -eq 1 ]
	then
		CURRENT_CA_IS_VERIFIED="partially"
	else
		up23_fail_upgrade "CA certificate does not match vars file settings"
	fi

	opts="-certopt no_pubkey,no_sigdump"
	if [ ! "$EASYRSA_BATCH" ]
	then
		up23_show_current_ca
	elif [ "$VERBOSE" ]
	then
		up23_show_current_ca
	fi
	confirm "* Confirm CA shown above is correct: " "yes" \
	"Found current CA at: $KEY_DIR/ca.crt"
	CURRENT_CA_IS_VERIFIED="$in_file"
} #=> up23_verify_current_ca ()

up23_show_current_ca ()
{
	name_opts="utf8,sep_multiline,space_eq,lname,align"
	printf "%s\n" "-------------------------------------------------------------------------"
	# $opts is always set here
	# shellcheck disable=SC2086 # Ignore unquoted variables
	easyrsa_openssl $format -in "$in_file" -noout -text \
		-nameopt "$name_opts" $opts || die "\
	OpenSSL failure to process the input CA certificate: $in_file"
	printf "%s\n" "-------------------------------------------------------------------------"
} #=> up23_show_current_ca ()

up23_backup_current_pki ()
{
	up23_verbose "> Backup current PKI .."

	mkdir -p "$EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI" \
	|| up23_fail_upgrade "Failed to create safe PKI dir: $EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI"

	cp -r "$KEY_DIR" "$EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI" \
	|| up23_fail_upgrade "Failed to copy $KEY_DIR to $EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI"

	# EASYRSA_VER2_VARSFILE is either version 2 *nix ./vars or Win vars.bat
	cp "$EASYRSA_VER2_VARSFILE" "$EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI" \
	|| up23_fail_upgrade "Failed to copy $EASYRSA_VER2_VARSFILE to EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI"

	up23_verbose "> OK"
	up23_verbose "  Current PKI backup created in: $EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI"
} #=> up23_backup_current_pki ()

up23_create_new_pki ()
{
	# Dirs: renewed and revoked are created when used.
	up23_verbose "> Create NEW PKI .."
	up23_verbose ">> Create NEW PKI dirs .."
	for i in private reqs issued certs_by_serial
	do
		mkdir -p "$EASYRSA_PKI/$i" \
		|| up23_fail_upgrade "Failed to Create NEW PKI dir: $EASYRSA_PKI/$i"
	done
	up23_verbose ">> OK"

	up23_verbose ">> Copy database to NEW PKI .."
	# Failure for these is not optional
	# Files ignored: index.txt.old serial.old
	for i in index.txt serial ca.crt index.txt.attr
	do
		cp "$KEY_DIR/$i" "$EASYRSA_PKI" \
		|| up23_fail_upgrade "Failed to copy $KEY_DIR/$i to $EASYRSA_PKI"
	done
	up23_verbose ">> OK"

	up23_verbose ">> Copy current PKI to NEW PKI .."
	for i in "csr.reqs" "pem.certs_by_serial" "crt.issued" "key.private" \
	"p12.private" "p8.private" "p7b.issued"
	do
		FILE_EXT="${i%%.*}"
		DEST_DIR="${i##*.}"
		if ls "$KEY_DIR/"*".$FILE_EXT" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
			cp "$KEY_DIR/"*".$FILE_EXT" "$EASYRSA_PKI/$DEST_DIR" \
			|| up23_fail_upgrade "Failed to copy .$FILE_EXT"
		else
			up23_verbose "   Note: No .$FILE_EXT files found"
		fi
	done
	up23_verbose ">> OK"
	up23_verbose "> OK"

	# Todo: CRL - Or generate a new CRL on completion
	up23_verbose "  New PKI created in: $EASYRSA_PKI"
} #=> up23_create_new_pki ()

up23_upgrade_ca ()
{
	[ -d "$EASYRSA_PKI" ] || return 0
	up23_verbose "> Confirm that index.txt.attr exists and 'unique_subject = no'"
	if [ -f "$EASYRSA_PKI/index.txt.attr" ]
	then
		if grep -q 'unique_subject = no' "$EASYRSA_PKI/index.txt.attr"
		then
			# If index.txt.attr exists and "unique_suject = no" then do nothing
			return 0
		fi
	else
		# If index.txt.attr does not exists then do nothing
		return 0
	fi

	# Otherwise this is required for all easyrsa v3
	#confirm "Set 'unique_subject = no' in index.txt.attr for your current CA: " \
	#"yes" "This version of easyrsa requires that 'unique_subject = no' is set correctly"

	printf "%s\n" "unique_subject = no" > "$EASYRSA_PKI/index.txt.attr"
	up23_verbose "> OK"
	up23_verbose "  Upgraded index.txt.attr to v306+"
} #=> up23_upgrade_index_txt_attr ()

up23_create_openssl_cnf ()
{
	up23_verbose "> OpenSSL config .."
	EASYRSA_PKI_SSL_CNFFILE="$EASYRSA_PKI/openssl-easyrsa.cnf"
	EASYRSA_PKI_SAFE_CNFFILE="$EASYRSA_PKI/safessl-easyrsa.cnf"
	cp "$EASYRSA_SSL_CNFFILE" "$EASYRSA_PKI_SSL_CNFFILE" \
	|| up23_fail_upgrade "create $EASYRSA_PKI_SSL_CNFFILE"
	up23_verbose "> OK"
	up23_verbose "  New OpenSSL config file created in: $EASYRSA_PKI_SSL_CNFFILE"

	# Create $EASYRSA_PKI/safessl-easyrsa.cnf
	easyrsa_openssl makesafeconf
	if [ -f "$EASYRSA_PKI_SAFE_CNFFILE" ]
	then
		up23_verbose "  New SafeSSL config file created in: $EASYRSA_PKI_SAFE_CNFFILE"
	else
		up23_verbose "  FAILED to create New SafeSSL config file in: $EASYRSA_PKI_SAFE_CNFFILE"
	fi
} #=> up23_create_openssl_cnf ()

up23_move_easyrsa2_programs ()
{
	# These files may not exist here
	up23_verbose "> Move easyrsa2 programs to SAFE PKI .."
	for i in build-ca build-dh build-inter build-key build-key-pass \
	build-key-pkcs12 build-key-server build-req build-req-pass \
	clean-all inherit-inter list-crl pkitool revoke-full sign-req \
	whichopensslcnf build-ca-pass build-key-server-pass init-config \
	make-crl revoke-crt openssl-0.9.6.cnf openssl-0.9.8.cnf \
	openssl-1.0.0.cnf openssl.cnf README.txt index.txt.start \
	vars.bat.sample serial.start
	do
		# Although unlikely, both files could exist
		# EG: ./build-ca and ./build-ca.bat
		NIX_FILE="$EASYRSA/$i"
		WIN_FILE="$EASYRSA/$i.bat"
		if [ -f "$NIX_FILE" ]
		then
			cp "$NIX_FILE" "$EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI" \
			|| up23_fail_upgrade "copy $NIX_FILE $EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI"
		fi

		if [ -f "$WIN_FILE" ]
		then
			cp "$WIN_FILE" "$EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI" \
			|| up23_fail_upgrade "copy $WIN_FILE $EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI"
		fi

		if [ ! -f "$NIX_FILE" ] && [ ! -f "$WIN_FILE" ]
		then
			up23_verbose "File does not exist, ignoring: $i(.bat)"
		fi

	# These files are not removed on TEST run
	[ "$NOSAVE" -eq 1  ] && rm -f "$NIX_FILE" "$WIN_FILE"
	done

	up23_verbose "> OK"
	up23_verbose "  Easyrsa2 programs successfully moved to: $EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI"
} #=> up23_move_easyrsa2_programs ()

# shellcheck disable=SC2154
up23_build_v3_vars ()
{
	up23_verbose "> Build v3 vars file .."

	EASYRSA_EXT="easyrsa-upgrade-23"
	EASYRSA_VARSV2_TMP="$EASYRSA/vars-v2.tmp.$EASYRSA_EXT"
	rm -f "$EASYRSA_VARSV2_TMP"
	EASYRSA_VARSV3_TMP="$EASYRSA/vars-v3.tmp.$EASYRSA_EXT"
	rm -f "$EASYRSA_VARSV3_TMP"
	EASYRSA_VARSV3_NEW="$EASYRSA/vars-v3.new.$EASYRSA_EXT"
	rm -f "$EASYRSA_VARSV3_NEW"
	EASYRSA_VARSV3_WRN="$EASYRSA/vars-v3.wrn.$EASYRSA_EXT"
	rm -f "$EASYRSA_VARSV3_WRN"

	printf "%s\n" "\
########################++++++++++#########################
###                                                     ###
###  WARNING: THIS FILE WAS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED     ###
###           ALL SETTINGS ARE AT THE END OF THE FILE   ###
###                                                     ###
########################++++++++++#########################

" > "$EASYRSA_VARSV3_WRN" || up23_fail_upgrade "Failed to create $EASYRSA_VARSV3_WRN"

	# Create vars v3 temp file from sourced vars v2 key variables
	{
		printf "%s\n" "set_var EASYRSA_KEY_SIZE $KEY_SIZE"
		printf "%s\n" "set_var EASYRSA_REQ_COUNTRY \"$KEY_COUNTRY\""
		printf "%s\n" "set_var EASYRSA_REQ_PROVINCE \"$KEY_PROVINCE\""
		printf "%s\n" "set_var EASYRSA_REQ_CITY \"$KEY_CITY\""
		printf "%s\n" "set_var EASYRSA_REQ_ORG \"$KEY_ORG\""
		printf "%s\n" "set_var EASYRSA_REQ_EMAIL \"$KEY_EMAIL\""
		printf "%s\n" "set_var EASYRSA_REQ_OU \"$KEY_OU\""
		printf "%s\n" 'set_var EASYRSA_NS_SUPPORT "yes"'
		printf "%s\n" 'set_var EASYRSA_DN "org"'
		printf "%s\n" 'set_var EASYRSA_RAND_SN "no"'
		printf "%s\n" ""
	} > "$EASYRSA_VARSV3_TMP" \
	|| up23_fail_upgrade "Failed to create $EASYRSA_VARSV3_TMP"

	# cat temp files into new v3 vars
	cat "$EASYRSA_VARSV3_WRN" "$EASYRSA_VARSV3_EXMP" "$EASYRSA_VARSV3_TMP" \
	> "$EASYRSA_VARSV3_NEW" \
	|| up23_fail_upgrade "Failed to create $EASYRSA_VARSV3_NEW"

	# This file must be created and restored at the end of TEST
	# for the REAL update to to succeed
	EASYRSA_VARS_LIVEBKP="$EASYRSA_TARGET_VARSFILE.livebackup"
	cp "$EASYRSA_VER2_VARSFILE" "$EASYRSA_VARS_LIVEBKP" \
	|| up23_fail_upgrade "Failed to create $EASYRSA_VARS_LIVEBKP"
	rm -f "$EASYRSA_VER2_VARSFILE"

	# "$EASYRSA_TARGET_VARSFILE" is always $EASYRSA/vars
	cp "$EASYRSA_VARSV3_NEW" "$EASYRSA_TARGET_VARSFILE" \
	|| up23_fail_upgrade "copy $EASYRSA_VARSV3_NEW to $EASYRSA_TARGET_VARSFILE"

	# Delete temp files
	rm -f "$EASYRSA_VARSV2_TMP" "$EASYRSA_VARSV3_TMP" \
	"$EASYRSA_VARSV3_NEW" "$EASYRSA_VARSV3_WRN"

	up23_verbose "> OK"
	up23_verbose "  New v3 vars file created in: $EASYRSA_TARGET_VARSFILE"
} #=> up23_build_v3_vars ()

# shellcheck disable=SC2154
up23_do_upgrade_23 ()
{
	up23_verbose "============================================================================"
	up23_verbose "Begin ** $1 ** upgrade process .."
	up23_verbose ""
	up23_verbose "Easyrsa upgrade version: $EASYRSA_UPGRADE_23"
	up23_verbose ""

	up23_verify_new_pki
	up23_verify_current_pki
	up23_verify_current_ca
	up23_backup_current_pki
	up23_create_new_pki
	up23_upgrade_ca
	up23_move_easyrsa2_programs
	up23_build_v3_vars
	up23_create_openssl_cnf

	if [ "$NOSAVE" -eq 0 ]
	then
		# Must stay in this order
		# New created dirs: EASYRSA_NEW_PKI and EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI
		rm -rf "$EASYRSA_NEW_PKI"
		rm -rf "$EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI"
		# EASYRSA_TARGET_VARSFILE is always the new created v3 vars
		# Need to know if this fails
		rm "$EASYRSA_TARGET_VARSFILE" \
		|| up23_fail_upgrade "remove new vars file: $EASYRSA_TARGET_VARSFILE"
		# EASYRSA_VER2_VARSFILE is either v2 *nix ./vars or Win vars.bat
		# Need this dance because v2 vars is same name as v3 vars above
		cp "$EASYRSA_VARS_LIVEBKP" "$EASYRSA_VER2_VARSFILE"
	fi
	rm -f "$EASYRSA_VARS_LIVEBKP"
} #= up23_do_upgrade_23 ()

up23_manage_upgrade_23 ()
{
	EASYRSA_UPGRADE_VERSION="v1.0a (2020/01/08)"
	EASYRSA_UPGRADE_TYPE="$1"
	EASYRSA_FOUND_VARS=0

	# Verify all existing versions of vars/vars.bat
	if [ -f "$vars" ]
	then
		if grep -q 'Complain if a user tries to do this:' "$vars"
		then
			EASYRSA_FOUND_VARS=1
			EASYRSA_VARS_IS_VER3=1
		fi

		# Easyrsa v3 does not use NOR allow use of `export`.
		if grep -q 'export' "$vars"
		then
			EASYRSA_FOUND_VARS=1
			EASYRSA_VARS_IS_VER2=1
			EASYRSA_VER2_VARSFILE="$vars"
			EASYRSA_TARGET_VARSFILE="$vars"
		fi
	fi

	if [ -f "$EASYRSA/vars.bat" ]
	then
		EASYRSA_FOUND_VARS=1
		EASYRSA_VARS_IS_WIN2=1
		EASYRSA_VER2_VARSFILE="$EASYRSA/vars.bat"
		EASYRSA_TARGET_VARSFILE="$EASYRSA/vars"
	fi

	if [ $EASYRSA_FOUND_VARS -ne 1 ];
	then
		die "vars file not found"
	fi

	# Only allow specific vars/vars.bat to exist
	if [ "$EASYRSA_VARS_IS_VER3" ] && [ "$EASYRSA_VARS_IS_VER2" ]
	then
		die "Verify your current vars file, v3 cannot use 'export'."
	fi

	if [ "$EASYRSA_VARS_IS_VER3" ] && [ "$EASYRSA_VARS_IS_WIN2" ]
	then
		die "Verify your current vars/vars.bat file, cannot have both."
	fi

	if [ "$EASYRSA_VARS_IS_VER2" ] && [ "$EASYRSA_VARS_IS_WIN2" ]
	then
		die "Verify your current vars/vars.bat file, cannot have both."
	fi

	# Die on invalid upgrade type or environment
	if [ "$EASYRSA_UPGRADE_TYPE" = "ca" ]
	then
		if [ "$EASYRSA_VARS_IS_VER3" ]
		then
			# v3 ensure index.txt.attr "unique_subject = no"
			up23_upgrade_ca
			unset EASYRSA_BATCH
			notice "Your CA is fully up to date."
			return 0
		else
			die "Only v3 PKI CA can be upgraded."
		fi
	fi

	if [ "$EASYRSA_UPGRADE_TYPE" = "pki" ]
	then
		if [ "$EASYRSA_VARS_IS_VER3" ]
		then
			unset EASYRSA_BATCH
			notice "Your PKI is fully up to date."
			return 0
		fi
	else
		die "upgrade type must be 'pki' or 'ca'."
	fi

	# PKI is potentially suitable for upgrade

	warn "
=========================================================================

                           * WARNING *

Found settings from EasyRSA-v2 which are not compatible with EasyRSA-v3.
Before you can continue, EasyRSA must upgrade your settings and PKI.
* Found EASYRSA and vars file:
  $EASYRSA
  $EASYRSA_VER2_VARSFILE :

Further info:
* https://community.openvpn.net/openvpn/wiki/easyrsa-upgrade

Easyrsa upgrade version: $EASYRSA_UPGRADE_VERSION
=========================================================================
"

# Test upgrade

	NOSAVE=0

	confirm "* EasyRSA **TEST** upgrade (Changes will NOT be written): " "yes" "
This upgrade will TEST that the upgrade works BEFORE making any changes."

	up23_do_upgrade_23 "TEST"

	notice "
=========================================================================

                             * NOTICE *

EasyRSA upgrade **TEST** has successfully completed.
"
# Upgrade for REAL

	NOSAVE=1

	confirm "* EasyRSA **REAL** upgrade (Changes WILL be written): " "yes" "
=========================================================================

                             * WARNING *

Run REAL upgrade: Answer yes (Once completed you will have a version 3 PKI)
Terminate upgrade: Answer no (No changes have been made to your current PKI)
"

	confirm "* Confirm **REAL** upgrade (Changes will be written): " "yes" "
=========================================================================

                          * SECOND WARNING *

This upgrade will permanently write changes to your PKI !
(With full backup backout)
"
	up23_do_upgrade_23 "REAL"

	notice "
=========================================================================

                             * NOTICE *

Your settings and PKI have been successfully upgraded to EasyRSA version3

A backup of your current PKI is here:
  $EASYRSA_SAFE_PKI

                        * IMPORTANT NOTICE *

1. YOU MUST VERIFY THAT YOUR NEW ./vars FILE IS SETUP CORRECTLY
2. IF YOU ARE USING WINDOWS YOU MUST ENSURE THAT openssl IS CORRECTLY DEFINED
   IN ./vars (example follows)

 #
 # This sample is in Windows syntax -- edit it for your path if not using PATH:
 # set_var EASYRSA_OPENSSL   \"C:/Program Files/OpenSSL-Win32/bin/openssl.exe\"
 #
 # Alternate location (Note: Forward slash '/' is correct for Windpws):
 # set_var EASYRSA_OPENSSL   \"C:/Program Files/Openvpn/bin/openssl.exe\"
 #

3. Finally, you can verify that easyrsa works by using these two commands:
    ./easyrsa show-ca (Verify that your CA is intact and correct)
    ./easyrsa gen-crl ((re)-generate a CRL file)

Further info:
* https://community.openvpn.net/openvpn/wiki/easyrsa-upgrade"
          up23_verbose "
                   * UPGRADE COMPLETED SUCCESSFULLY *
"

return 0

} # => up23_manage_upgrade_23 ()

print_version()
{
	ssl_version="$("${EASYRSA_OPENSSL:-openssl}" version)"
		cat << VERSION_TEXT
EasyRSA Version Information
Version:     ~VER~
Generated:   ~DATE~
SSL Lib:     $ssl_version
Git Commit:  ~GITHEAD~
Source Repo: https://github.com/OpenVPN/easy-rsa
VERSION_TEXT
} # => print_version ()


########################################
# Invocation entry point:

NL='
'

# Be secure with a restrictive umask
[ -z "$EASYRSA_NO_UMASK" ] && umask "${EASYRSA_UMASK:-077}"

# Initialisation requirements
unset -v easyrsa_error_exit user_san_true user_vars_true

# Parse options
while :; do
	# Separate option from value:
	opt="${1%%=*}"
	val="${1#*=}"

	# Empty values are not allowed unless expected
	unset -v is_empty empty_ok
	# eg: '--batch'
	[ "$opt" = "$val" ] && is_empty=1
	# eg: '--pki-dir='
	[ "$val" ] || is_empty=1

	case "$opt" in
	--days)
		export EASYRSA_CERT_EXPIRE="$val"
		export EASYRSA_CA_EXPIRE="$val"
		export EASYRSA_CRL_DAYS="$val"
		;;
	--fix-offset)
		export EASYRSA_FIX_OFFSET="$val" ;;
	--renew-days)
		export EASYRSA_CERT_RENEW="$val" ;;
	--pki-dir)
		export EASYRSA_PKI="$val" ;;
	--tmp-dir)
		export EASYRSA_TEMP_DIR="$val" ;;
	--ssl-conf)
		export EASYRSA_SSL_CONF="$val" ;;
	--use-algo)
		export EASYRSA_ALGO="$val" ;;
	--keysize)
		export EASYRSA_KEY_SIZE="$val" ;;
	--curve)
		export EASYRSA_CURVE="$val" ;;
	--dn-mode)
		export EASYRSA_DN="$val" ;;
	--req-cn)
		export EASYRSA_REQ_CN="$val" ;;
	--digest)
		export EASYRSA_DIGEST="$val" ;;
	--req-c)
		empty_ok=1
		export EASYRSA_REQ_COUNTRY="$val" ;;
	--req-st)
		empty_ok=1
		export EASYRSA_REQ_PROVINCE="$val" ;;
	--req-city)
		empty_ok=1
		export EASYRSA_REQ_CITY="$val" ;;
	--req-org)
		empty_ok=1
		export EASYRSA_REQ_ORG="$val" ;;
	--req-email)
		empty_ok=1
		export EASYRSA_REQ_EMAIL="$val" ;;
	--req-ou)
		empty_ok=1
		export EASYRSA_REQ_OU="$val" ;;
	--ns-cert)
		export EASYRSA_NS_SUPPORT="$val" ;;
	--ns-comment)
		empty_ok=1
		export EASYRSA_NS_COMMENT="$val" ;;
	--batch)
		empty_ok=1
		export EASYRSA_BATCH=1 ;;
	--silent)
		empty_ok=1
		export EASYRSA_SILENT=1 ;;
	--silent-batch|--sbatch)
		empty_ok=1
		export EASYRSA_SILENT=1
		export EASYRSA_BATCH=1 ;;
	--passin)
		export EASYRSA_PASSIN="$val";;
	--passout)
		export EASYRSA_PASSOUT="$val";;
	--subca-len)
		export EASYRSA_SUBCA_LEN="$val" ;;
	--vars)
		user_vars_true=1
		export EASYRSA_VARS_FILE="$val" ;;
	--copy-ext)
		empty_ok=1
		export EASYRSA_CP_EXT=1 ;;
	--subject-alt-name|--san)
		user_san_true=1
		export EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS="\
$EASYRSA_EXTRA_EXTS
subjectAltName = $val" ;;
	--version)
		shift "$#"
		set -- "$@" "version"
		break
		;;
	*)
		break
	esac

	# fatal error when no value was provided
	if [ "$is_empty" ]; then
		[ "$empty_ok" ] || die "Missing value to option: $opt"
	fi

	shift
done

# Register cleanup on EXIT
trap "cleanup" EXIT
# When SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGQUIT, SIGABRT and SIGTERM,
# explicitly exit to signal EXIT (non-bash shells)
trap "exit 1" 1
trap "exit 2" 2
trap "exit 3" 3
trap "exit 6" 6
trap "exit 14" 15

# Get host details - does not require vars_setup
detect_host

# Set cmd now because vars_setup needs to know if this is init-pki
cmd="$1"
[ -n "$1" ] && shift # scrape off command

# This avoids unnecessary warnings and notices
case "$cmd" in
	init-pki|clean-all|""|help|-h|--help|--usage|version)
		no_pki_required=1 ;;
	*) unset -v no_pki_required
esac

# Intelligent env-var detection and auto-loading:
vars_setup

# determine how we were called, then hand off to the function responsible
case "$cmd" in
	init-pki|clean-all)
		if [ "$user_vars_true" ]; then
			# Ref: https://github.com/OpenVPN/easy-rsa/issues/566
			die "Use of '--vars=FILE init-pki' is prohibited, use '--pki-dir=DIR'"
		fi
		init_pki "$@"
		;;
	build-ca)
		build_ca "$@"
		;;
	gen-dh)
		gen_dh
		;;
	gen-req)
		gen_req "$@"
		;;
	sign|sign-req)
		sign_req "$@"
		;;
	build-client-full)
		build_full client "$@"
		;;
	build-server-full)
		build_full server "$@"
		;;
	build-serverClient-full)
		build_full serverClient "$@"
		;;
	gen-crl)
		gen_crl
		;;
	revoke)
		revoke "$@"
		;;
	revoke-renewed)
		revoke_renewed "$@"
		;;
	renew)
		renew "$@"
		;;
	renewable)
		renewable "$@"
		;;
	import-req)
		import_req "$@"
		;;
	export-p12)
		export_pkcs p12 "$@"
		;;
	export-p7)
		export_pkcs p7 "$@"
		;;
	export-p8)
		export_pkcs p8 "$@"
		;;
	export-p1)
		export_pkcs p1 "$@"
		;;
	set-rsa-pass)
		set_pass rsa "$@"
		;;
	set-ec-pass)
		set_pass ec "$@"
		;;
	update-db)
		update_db
		;;
	show-req)
		show req "$@"
		;;
	show-cert)
		show cert "$@"
		;;
	show-crl)
		show crl crl
		;;
	show-ca)
		show_ca "$@"
		;;
	verify)
		verify_cert "$@"
		;;
	show-expire)
		if [ -z "$*" ]; then
			status expire all
		else
			status expire "$@"
		fi
		;;
	show-revoke)
		if [ -z "$*" ]; then
			status revoke all
		else
			status revoke "$@"
		fi
		;;
	show-renew)
		if [ -z "$*" ]; then
			status renew all
		else
			status renew "$@"
		fi
		;;
	upgrade)
		up23_manage_upgrade_23 "$@"
		;;
	""|help|-h|--help|--usage)
		cmd_help "$1"
		;;
	version)
		print_version
		;;
	*)
		die "Unknown command '$cmd'. Run without commands for usage help."
esac

# Clear traps and do 'cleanup ok' on successful completion
trap - 0 1 2 3 6 15
cleanup ok

# vim: ft=sh nu ai sw=8 ts=8 noet
